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Archive for the ‘Cardiovascular Pharmacogenomics’ Category

Leaders in Pharmaceutical Business Intelligence Announced New Cardiovascular Series of e-Books at SACHS Associates 14th Annual Biotech In Europe Forum

Posted in Abdominal Aorta, Academic Publishing, Artificial Heart, BiVAD, CABG, Cancer Surgery of the Heart, Cardiac & Vascular Repair Tools Subsegment, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures, Cardiovascular Pharmacogenomics, Carotid Artery, Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH), Clinical Diagnostics, Coagulation Therapy and Internal Bleeding, Conference Coverage with Social Media, CT, Curation, Curation methodology, De novo synthesis, Dialectic, Discovery process, Evolutionary cognition, Exec Compensation in the Cardiac & Vascular Repair Tools Subsegment, Experimental validation, Explanatory, Frontiers in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Disorders, Heart Transplant, Heart-Lung Transplant, Historical relevance, Mechanical Assist Devices: LVAD, Mitral Valve: Repair and Replacement, PCI, Peripheral Arterial Disease & Peripheral Vascular Surgery, Renal Denervation, RVAD, TAVI vs Open Heart Surgery, Technology Advance Assessment of, Thoracic Aorta, tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , on September 27, 2014| Leave a Comment »

Leaders in Pharmaceutical Business Intelligence Announced New Cardiovascular Series of e-Books at SACHS Associates 14th Annual Biotech In Europe Forum

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

 

 

Please see Further Titles at

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/biomed-e-books/

Please see Further Information on the Sachs Associates 14th Annual Biotech in Europe Forum for Global Investing & Partnering at:

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/03/25/14th-annual-biotech-in-europe-forum-for-global-partnering-investment-930-1012014-%E2%80%A2-congress-center-basel-sachs-associates-london/

AND

http://www.sachsforum.com/basel14/index.html

why-is-twitter-s-logo-named-after-larry-bird--b8d70319daON TWITTER Follow at

@SachsAssociates

#Sachs14thBEF

@pharma_BI

@AVIVA1950 

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Cancer Labs at School of Medicine @ Technion: Janet and David Polak Cancer and Vascular Biology Research Center

Posted in Academic Publishing, Autologous Cell Therapy, Bio Instrumentation in Experimental Life Sciences Research, BioBanking, Biological Networks, Gene Regulation and Evolution, Biomarkers & Medical Diagnostics, Biomedical Measurement Science, BioSimilars, CANCER BIOLOGY & Innovations in Cancer Therapy, Cardiac muscle regeneration, Cardiovascular Pharmacogenomics, Cell Biology, Signaling & Cell Circuits, Chemical Biology and its relations to Metabolic Disease, Chemical Genetics, Circulating Progenitor Cells, Computational Biology/Systems and Bioinformatics, Cytoskeleton, Diagnostic Immunology, Drug Delivery Platform Technology, Drug Toxicity, Frontiers in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Disorders, Genome Biology, Genomic Testing: Methodology for Diagnosis, Human Immune System in Health and in Disease, Immunodiagnostics, Innovation in Immunology Diagnostics, Intellectual Property, Innovations, Commercialization, Investment in technological breakthrough, Interviews with Scientific Leaders, Personalized and Precision Medicine & Genomic Research, Pharmaceutical Analytics, Pharmaceutical R&D Investment, Pharmacogenomics, Pharmacologic toxicities, Population Health Management, Genetics & Pharmaceutical, Proteomics, Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Regulated Clinical Trials: Design, Methods, Components and IRB related issues, Scientist: Career considerations, Signaling, Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine, Technology Transfer: Biotech and Pharmaceutical, Translational Science, Ubiquitinylation on May 28, 2014| Leave a Comment »

Cancer Labs at School of Medicine @ Technion

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

Article ID #139: Cancer Labs at School of Medicine @ Technion: Janet and David Polak Cancer and Vascular Biology Research Center. Published on 5/28/2014

WordCloud Image Produced by Adam Tubman

Janet and David Polak Cancer and Vascular Biology Research Center. The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Research Institute and Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel

The center was established in 2003 to promote an in-depth interdisciplinary basic and clinical research on the control of cellular and molecular processes that are involved in cancer initiation and progression. We strongly believe that the understanding of basic biological processes that underlie normal development and their deregulation in cancer, is crucial for our ability to identify molecular targets for early detection, intervention, and cure of the disease. We are interested in a broad view of cancer – from the single malignantly transformed cell and its microenvironment, through the entire tumor in the animal. We focus on targeted ubiquitin-mediated degradation of key regulatory proteins that are involved in malignant transformation [Prof. Aaron Ciechanover (Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2004)], angiogenesis and cancer progression (Prof. Gera Neufeld), metastasis and tumor microenvironment (Prof. Israel Vlodavsky), as well as genetic and genomic dissection of embryonic and cancer transcriptional networks (Dr. Amir Orian). Towards these objectives, we combine molecular, biochemical, cell biological with Drosophila genetic and genomics experimental approaches, as well as employing advanced models of angiogenesis and metastasis.

We believe that scientific excellence and collegiality go together. Therefore, the center has an open and friendly atmosphere, creating a highly stimulating environment. The center is located in the 11th Floor of the Rappaport Faculty of Medicine building. It currently trains 45 graduate students, post-doctoral fellows, clinicians and researchers that are at the heart of our research. Formal and informal collaborations between individuals and laboratories are on-going and encouraged. We are running a series of joint seminars to which we invite researchers from Israel and abroad. The Center has advanced state-of-the-art microscopic and image analysis equipment, as well as other shared pieces of infrastructural equipment . The center is an integral part of the Faculty of Medicine and the Rappaport Research Institute which are home for excellent research groups, and enjoys their advanced Interdepartmental Equipment Unit. It is also adjacent to the Rambam Medical Center – the major hospital in the north of Israel – which provides us with access to rich clinical material and collaboration with clinicians. Many of them spend active research periods in our laboratories and bring the bench closer to the patient bed and vice versa. The Center is in an active phase of growth, and offers excellent research opportunities, space and facilities for students, post-doctoral fellows, and physicians.

Research Groups

The Ubiquitin System and Cellular Protein Turnover and Interactions

Immunity and Host Defense

Cardiovascular Biology

The Central Nervous System in Health and Disease

Developmental Biology and Cancer Research

Genetics

SOURCE 

http://www.rappaport.org.il/Rappaport/Templates/ShowPage.asp?DBID=1&TMID=842&FID=76

The cancer and vascular biology research center was established in 2003 to promote an in-depth interdisciplinary basic and clinical research on the control of cellular and molecular processes that are involved in cancer development and progression. Our goal is to advance knowledge in fundamental biological questions that are highly relevant for cancer.

The cancer and vascular biology research center was established in 2003 to promote an in-depth interdisciplinary basic and clinical research on the control of cellular and molecular processes that are involved in cancer development and progression. Our goal is to advance knowledge in fundamental biological questions that are highly relevant for cancer.

SOURCE

http://www.technioncancer.co.il/index.php

Home  >>  Research Groups

Aaron Ciechanover
Protein Turnover

Intracellular protein degradation and mechanisms of cancer
Israel Vlodavsky
Cancer Biology

Impact of heparanase and the tumor microenvironment on cancer progression: Basic aspects and clinical implications
Gera Neufeld
Tumor Progression & Angiogenesis

Blood vessels and tumor progression: The neuropilin connection
Amir Orian
Genetic Networks

Genetic networks in development and cancer
Home
About the Cancer Centers
Research Groups
Administration / Contact
Join – Us		 Seminars and Events
Links
Beyond Science
Friends and supporters
Ms. Sigal Alfasi – Izrael, Center’s coordinator
e-mail: gsigal@tx.technion.ac.il
Tel: +972-4-829-5424
Fax: +972-4-852-3947

SOURCE

http://www.technioncancer.co.il/ResearchGroups.php

Yuval Shaked, PhD

Publications by Yuval Shaked, PhD

Assistant Professor of Molecular Pharmacology
PhD, 2004 – Hebrew University, Israel

Understanding host – tumor interactions during cancer therapy

Personalized medicine holds promise of better cures with fewer side effects for many diseases. Individualized cancer therapy is sometimes utilized after multiple attempts of standard therapies and is based on several considerations, such as tumor type, acquired resistance to a specific therapy, previous treatment protocols, and other tumor-related factors. We have recently demonstrated that many cancer therapies can induce pro-tumorigenic or metastatic effects that derive not only from the tumor cells themselves, but also from host cells within the tumor microenvironment. The focus of research in my laboratory is to identify, characterize, and seek ways to block such pro-tumorigenic host effects observed after anti-cancer therapy, and thus potentially improve the outcome of current cancer therapies. Our findings may foster a paradigm shift in cancer therapy by minimizing the gap between preclinical findings and the clinical setting, laying the foundation for development of entirely new strategies for improving cancer therapy.

SOURCE

http://www.rappaport.org.il/Rappaport/Templates/ShowPage.asp?DBID=1&TMID=610&FID=77&PID=0&IID=1268

 

Other Related articled published on this Open Access Online Scientific Journal included the following:

D&D NT’s Solution: Galectin Proteins for Therapy and Diagnosis of Autoimmune Inflammatory and Cancer Diseases, Dr. Itshak Golan, CEO

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/05/28/dd-nts-solution-galectin-proteins-for-therapy-and-diagnosis-of-autoimmune-inflammatory-and-cancer-diseases-dr-itshak-golan-ceo/

MaimoniDex RA:  Monoclonal Antibodies for Therapy and Diagnosis of Cancer and Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases – Dr. Itshak Golan, CEO

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/05/28/maimonidex-ra-monoclonal-antibodies-for-therapy-and-diagnosis-of-cancer-and-autoimmune-inflammatory-diseases-dr-itshak-golan-ceo/

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Summary of Translational Medicine – e-Series A: Cardiovascular Diseases, Volume Four – Part 1

Posted in Academic Publishing, Acute Myocardial Infarction, Advanced Drug Manufacturing Technology, Alzheimer's Disease, Atherogenic Processes & Pathology, Autologous Cell Therapy, Automated Cell Processing, Bio Instrumentation in Experimental Life Sciences Research, Biological Networks, Gene Regulation and Evolution, Biomarkers & Medical Diagnostics, Biomedical Measurement Science, Bone Disease and Musculoskeletal Disease, Bone marrow derived cells, Ca2+ triggered activation, Ca2+ triggered activation, Cachexia, Calcium Signaling, Calmodulin, Calmodulin Kinase and Contraction, Cardiac & Vascular Repair Tools Subsegment, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures, Cardiac muscle regeneration, Cardiomyopathy, Cardiovascular Pharmacogenomics, Cell Biology, Signaling & Cell Circuits, Chemical Biology and its relations to Metabolic Disease, Chemical Genetics, Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH), Circulating Progenitor Cells, Coagulation Therapy and Internal Bleeding, Competition in regenerative stem cell science, Computational Biology/Systems and Bioinformatics, Curation, Cytoskeleton, Diabetes Mellitus, Disease Biology, Small Molecules in Development of Therapeutic Drugs, Drug Delivery Platform Technology, Drug Toxicity, Electrophysiology, Endothelial cells, Epigenetics and Cardiovascular Risks, Etiology, Evolutionary cognition, Frontiers in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Disorders, Genome Biology, Genomic Expression, Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Human Immune System in Health and in Disease, International Global Work in Pharmaceutical, Interviews with Scientific Leaders, Medical and Population Genetics, Medical Device Therapies for Altzheimer’s Disease, Medical Devices R&D Investment, Medical Imaging Technology, Image Processing/Computing, MRI, CT, Nuclear Medicine, Ultra Sound, Metabolomics, Molecular Genetics & Pharmaceutical, Myocardial metabolism, Myocardial ischemia, myocardial perfusion, Myocardial adenine nucleotide metabolism, Na-K transport, Na-K-ATPase, Neurohumoral Transmission, Nitric Oxide in Health and Disease, Nutrition, Nutritional Supplements: Atherogenesis, lipid metabolism, Origins of Cardiovascular Disease, Oxidative phosphorylation, Personalized and Precision Medicine & Genomic Research, Pharmaceutical Analytics, Pharmacologic toxicities, Pharmacotherapy of Cardiovascular Disease, Phosphorylation, PKC, Population Health Management, Genetics & Pharmaceutical, Population Health Management, Nutrition and Phytochemistry, Proteomics, Regenerative Biology and Medicine, S-nitrosylation, Signaling, Skeletal muscle regeneration, Statistical Methods for Research Evaluation, Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine, Stents & Tools, Synaptic vesicle, Systemic Inflammatory Response Related Disorders, Technology Advance Assessment of, Translational Effectiveness, Translational Science, Ubiquitinylation, Water Transporters, tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , on April 28, 2014| Leave a Comment »

Summary of Translational Medicine – e-Series A: Cardiovascular Diseases, Volume Four – Part 1

Author and Curator: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP

and

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

Article ID #135: Summary of Translational Medicine – e-Series A: Cardiovascular Diseases, Volume Four – Part 1. Published on 4/28/2014

WordCloud Image Produced by Adam Tubman

 

Part 1 of Volume 4 in the e-series A: Cardiovascular Diseases and Translational Medicine, provides a foundation for grasping a rapidly developing surging scientific endeavor that is transcending laboratory hypothesis testing and providing guidelines to:

  • Target genomes and multiple nucleotide sequences involved in either coding or in regulation that might have an impact on complex diseases, not necessarily genetic in nature.
  • Target signaling pathways that are demonstrably maladjusted, activated or suppressed in many common and complex diseases, or in their progression.
  • Enable a reduction in failure due to toxicities in the later stages of clinical drug trials as a result of this science-based understanding.
  • Enable a reduction in complications from the improvement of machanical devices that have already had an impact on the practice of interventional procedures in cardiology, cardiac surgery, and radiological imaging, as well as improving laboratory diagnostics at the molecular level.
  • Enable the discovery of new drugs in the continuing emergence of drug resistance.
  • Enable the construction of critical pathways and better guidelines for patient management based on population outcomes data, that will be critically dependent on computational methods and large data-bases.

What has been presented can be essentially viewed in the following Table:

 

Summary Table for TM - Part 1

Summary Table for TM – Part 1

 

 

 

There are some developments that deserve additional development:

1. The importance of mitochondrial function in the activity state of the mitochondria in cellular work (combustion) is understood, and impairments of function are identified in diseases of muscle, cardiac contraction, nerve conduction, ion transport, water balance, and the cytoskeleton – beyond the disordered metabolism in cancer.  A more detailed explanation of the energetics that was elucidated based on the electron transport chain might also be in order.

2. The processes that are enabling a more full application of technology to a host of problems in the environment we live in and in disease modification is growing rapidly, and will change the face of medicine and its allied health sciences.

 

Electron Transport and Bioenergetics

Deferred for metabolomics topic

Synthetic Biology

Introduction to Synthetic Biology and Metabolic Engineering

Kristala L. J. Prather: Part-1    <iBiology > iBioSeminars > Biophysics & Chemical Biology >

http://www.ibiology.org Lecturers generously donate their time to prepare these lectures. The project is funded by NSF and NIGMS, and is supported by the ASCB and HHMI.
Dr. Prather explains that synthetic biology involves applying engineering principles to biological systems to build “biological machines”.

Dr. Prather has received numerous awards both for her innovative research and for excellence in teaching.  Learn more about how Kris became a scientist at
Prather 1: Synthetic Biology and Metabolic Engineering  2/6/14IntroductionLecture Overview In the first part of her lecture, Dr. Prather explains that synthetic biology involves applying engineering principles to biological systems to build “biological machines”. The key material in building these machines is synthetic DNA. Synthetic DNA can be added in different combinations to biological hosts, such as bacteria, turning them into chemical factories that can produce small molecules of choice. In Part 2, Prather describes how her lab used design principles to engineer E. coli that produce glucaric acid from glucose. Glucaric acid is not naturally produced in bacteria, so Prather and her colleagues “bioprospected” enzymes from other organisms and expressed them in E. coli to build the needed enzymatic pathway. Prather walks us through the many steps of optimizing the timing, localization and levels of enzyme expression to produce the greatest yield. Speaker Bio: Kristala Jones Prather received her S.B. degree from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and her PhD at the University of California, Berkeley both in chemical engineering. Upon graduation, Prather joined the Merck Research Labs for 4 years before returning to academia. Prather is now an Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering at MIT and an investigator with the multi-university Synthetic Biology Engineering Reseach Center (SynBERC). Her lab designs and constructs novel synthetic pathways in microorganisms converting them into tiny factories for the production of small molecules. Dr. Prather has received numerous awards both for her innovative research and for excellence in teaching.

VIEW VIDEOS

https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=ndThuqVumAk#t=0

https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=ndThuqVumAk#t=12

https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=ndThuqVumAk#t=74

https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=ndThuqVumAk#t=129

https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=ndThuqVumAk#t=168

https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=ndThuqVumAk

 

II. Regulatory Effects of Mammalian microRNAs

Calcium Cycling in Synthetic and Contractile Phasic or Tonic Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

in INTECH
Current Basic and Pathological Approaches to
the Function of Muscle Cells and Tissues – From Molecules to HumansLarissa Lipskaia, Isabelle Limon, Regis Bobe and Roger Hajjar
Additional information is available at the end of the chapter
http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/48240
1. Introduction
Calcium ions (Ca ) are present in low concentrations in the cytosol (~100 nM) and in high concentrations (in mM range) in both the extracellular medium and intracellular stores (mainly sarco/endo/plasmic reticulum, SR). This differential allows the calcium ion messenger that carries information
as diverse as contraction, metabolism, apoptosis, proliferation and/or hypertrophic growth. The mechanisms responsible for generating a Ca signal greatly differ from one cell type to another.
In the different types of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), enormous variations do exist with regard to the mechanisms responsible for generating Ca signal. In each VSMC phenotype (synthetic/proliferating and contractile [1], tonic or phasic), the Ca signaling system is adapted to its particular function and is due to the specific patterns of expression and regulation of Ca.
For instance, in contractile VSMCs, the initiation of contractile events is driven by mem- brane depolarization; and the principal entry-point for extracellular Ca is the voltage-operated L-type calcium channel (LTCC). In contrast, in synthetic/proliferating VSMCs, the principal way-in for extracellular Ca is the store-operated calcium (SOC) channel.
Whatever the cell type, the calcium signal consists of  limited elevations of cytosolic free calcium ions in time and space. The calcium pump, sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca ATPase (SERCA), has a critical role in determining the frequency of SR Ca release by upload into the sarcoplasmic
sensitivity of  SR calcium channels, Ryanodin Receptor, RyR and Inositol tri-Phosphate Receptor, IP3R.
Synthetic VSMCs have a fibroblast appearance, proliferate readily, and synthesize increased levels of various extracellular matrix components, particularly fibronectin, collagen types I and III, and tropoelastin [1].
Contractile VSMCs have a muscle-like or spindle-shaped appearance and well-developed contractile apparatus resulting from the expression and intracellular accumulation of thick and thin muscle filaments [1].
Schematic representation of Calcium Cycling in Contractile and Proliferating VSMCs

Schematic representation of Calcium Cycling in Contractile and Proliferating VSMCs

 

Figure 1. Schematic representation of Calcium Cycling in Contractile and Proliferating VSMCs.

Left panel: schematic representation of calcium cycling in quiescent /contractile VSMCs. Contractile re-sponse is initiated by extracellular Ca influx due to activation of Receptor Operated Ca (through phosphoinositol-coupled receptor) or to activation of L-Type Calcium channels (through an increase in luminal pressure). Small increase of cytosolic due IP3 binding to IP3R (puff) or RyR activation by LTCC or ROC-dependent Ca influx leads to large SR Ca IP3R or RyR clusters (“Ca -induced Ca SR calcium pumps (both SERCA2a and SERCA2b are expressed in quiescent VSMCs), maintaining high concentration of cytosolic Ca and setting the sensitivity of RyR or IP3R for the next spike.
Contraction of VSMCs occurs during oscillatory Ca transient.
Middle panel: schematic representa tion of atherosclerotic vessel wall. Contractile VSMC are located in the media layer, synthetic VSMC are located in sub-endothelial intima.
Right panel: schematic representation of calcium cycling in quiescent /contractile VSMCs. Agonist binding to phosphoinositol-coupled receptor leads to the activation of IP3R resulting in large increase in cytosolic Ca calcium pumps (only SERCA2b, having low turnover and low affinity to Ca depletion leads to translocation of SR Ca sensor STIM1 towards PM, resulting in extracellular Ca influx though opening of Store Operated Channel (CRAC). Resulted steady state Ca transient is critical for activation of proliferation-related transcription factors ‘NFAT).
Abbreviations: PLC – phospholipase C; PM – plasma membrane; PP2B – Ca /calmodulin-activated protein phosphatase 2B (calcineurin); ROC- receptor activated channel; IP3 – inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate, IP3R – inositol-1,4,5- trisphosphate receptor; RyR – ryanodine receptor; NFAT – nuclear factor of activated T-lymphocytes; VSMC – vascular smooth muscle cells; SERCA – sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca sarcoplasmic reticulum.

 

Time for New DNA Synthesis and Sequencing Cost Curves

By Rob Carlson

I’ll start with the productivity plot, as this one isn’t new. For a discussion of the substantial performance increase in sequencing compared to Moore’s Law, as well as the difficulty of finding this data, please see this post. If nothing else, keep two features of the plot in mind: 1) the consistency of the pace of Moore’s Law and 2) the inconsistency and pace of sequencing productivity. Illumina appears to be the primary driver, and beneficiary, of improvements in productivity at the moment, especially if you are looking at share prices. It looks like the recently announced NextSeq and Hiseq instruments will provide substantially higher productivities (hand waving, I would say the next datum will come in another order of magnitude higher), but I think I need a bit more data before officially putting another point on the plot.

 

cost-of-oligo-and-gene-synthesis

cost-of-oligo-and-gene-synthesis

Illumina’s instruments are now responsible for such a high percentage of sequencing output that the company is effectively setting prices for the entire industry. Illumina is being pushed by competition to increase performance, but this does not necessarily translate into lower prices. It doesn’t behoove Illumina to drop prices at this point, and we won’t see any substantial decrease until a serious competitor shows up and starts threatening Illumina’s market share. The absence of real competition is the primary reason sequencing prices have flattened out over the last couple of data points.

Note that the oligo prices above are for column-based synthesis, and that oligos synthesized on arrays are much less expensive. However, array synthesis comes with the usual caveat that the quality is generally lower, unless you are getting your DNA from Agilent, which probably means you are getting your dsDNA from Gen9.

Note also that the distinction between the price of oligos and the price of double-stranded sDNA is becoming less useful. Whether you are ordering from Life/Thermo or from your local academic facility, the cost of producing oligos is now, in most cases, independent of their length. That’s because the cost of capital (including rent, insurance, labor, etc) is now more significant than the cost of goods. Consequently, the price reflects the cost of capital rather than the cost of goods. Moreover, the cost of the columns, reagents, and shipping tubes is certainly more than the cost of the atoms in the sDNA you are ostensibly paying for. Once you get into longer oligos (substantially larger than 50-mers) this relationship breaks down and the sDNA is more expensive. But, at this point in time, most people aren’t going to use longer oligos to assemble genes unless they have a tricky job that doesn’t work using short oligos.

Looking forward, I suspect oligos aren’t going to get much cheaper unless someone sorts out how to either 1) replace the requisite human labor and thereby reduce the cost of capital, or 2) finally replace the phosphoramidite chemistry that the industry relies upon.

IDT’s gBlocks come at prices that are constant across quite substantial ranges in length. Moreover, part of the decrease in price for these products is embedded in the fact that you are buying smaller chunks of DNA that you then must assemble and integrate into your organism of choice.

Someone who has purchased and assembled an absolutely enormous amount of sDNA over the last decade, suggested that if prices fell by another order of magnitude, he could switch completely to outsourced assembly. This is a potentially interesting “tipping point”. However, what this person really needs is sDNA integrated in a particular way into a particular genome operating in a particular host. The integration and testing of the new genome in the host organism is where most of the cost is. Given the wide variety of emerging applications, and the growing array of hosts/chassis, it isn’t clear that any given technology or firm will be able to provide arbitrary synthetic sequences incorporated into arbitrary hosts.

 TrackBack URL: http://www.synthesis.cc/cgi-bin/mt/mt-t.cgi/397

 

Startup to Strengthen Synthetic Biology and Regenerative Medicine Industries with Cutting Edge Cell Products

28 Nov 2013 | PR Web

Dr. Jon Rowley and Dr. Uplaksh Kumar, Co-Founders of RoosterBio, Inc., a newly formed biotech startup located in Frederick, are paving the way for even more innovation in the rapidly growing fields of Synthetic Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Synthetic Biology combines engineering principles with basic science to build biological products, including regenerative medicines and cellular therapies. Regenerative medicine is a broad definition for innovative medical therapies that will enable the body to repair, replace, restore and regenerate damaged or diseased cells, tissues and organs. Regenerative therapies that are in clinical trials today may enable repair of damaged heart muscle following heart attack, replacement of skin for burn victims, restoration of movement after spinal cord injury, regeneration of pancreatic tissue for insulin production in diabetics and provide new treatments for Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases, to name just a few applications.

While the potential of the field is promising, the pace of development has been slow. One main reason for this is that the living cells required for these therapies are cost-prohibitive and not supplied at volumes that support many research and product development efforts. RoosterBio will manufacture large quantities of standardized primary cells at high quality and low cost, which will quicken the pace of scientific discovery and translation to the clinic. “Our goal is to accelerate the development of products that incorporate living cells by providing abundant, affordable and high quality materials to researchers that are developing and commercializing these regenerative technologies” says Dr. Rowley

 

Life at the Speed of Light

http://kcpw.org/?powerpress_pinw=92027-podcast

NHMU Lecture featuring – J. Craig Venter, Ph.D.
Founder, Chairman, and CEO – J. Craig Venter Institute; Co-Founder and CEO, Synthetic Genomics Inc.

J. Craig Venter, Ph.D., is Founder, Chairman, and CEO of the J. Craig Venter Institute (JVCI), a not-for-profit, research organization dedicated to human, microbial, plant, synthetic and environmental research. He is also Co-Founder and CEO of Synthetic Genomics Inc. (SGI), a privately-held company dedicated to commercializing genomic-driven solutions to address global needs.

In 1998, Dr. Venter founded Celera Genomics to sequence the human genome using new tools and techniques he and his team developed.  This research culminated with the February 2001 publication of the human genome in the journal, Science. Dr. Venter and his team at JVCI continue to blaze new trails in genomics.  They have sequenced and a created a bacterial cell constructed with synthetic DNA,  putting humankind at the threshold of a new phase of biological research.  Whereas, we could  previously read the genetic code (sequencing genomes), we can now write the genetic code for designing new species.

The science of synthetic genomics will have a profound impact on society, including new methods for chemical and energy production, human health and medical advances, clean water, and new food and nutritional products. One of the most prolific scientists of the 21st century for his numerous pioneering advances in genomics,  he  guides us through this emerging field, detailing its origins, current challenges, and the potential positive advances.

His work on synthetic biology truly embodies the theme of “pushing the boundaries of life.”  Essentially, Venter is seeking to “write the software of life” to create microbes designed by humans rather than only through evolution. The potential benefits and risks of this new technology are enormous. It also requires us to examine, both scientifically and philosophically, the question of “What is life?”

J Craig Venter wants to digitize DNA and transmit the signal to teleport organisms

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/11/01/j-craig-venter-wants-to-digitize-dna-and-transmit-the-signal-to-teleport-organisms/

2013 Genomics: The Era Beyond the Sequencing of the Human Genome: Francis Collins, Craig Venter, Eric Lander, et al.

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/02/11/2013-genomics-the-era-beyond-the-sequencing-human-genome-francis-collins-craig-venter-eric-lander-et-al/

Human Longevity Inc (HLI) – $70M in Financing of Venter’s New Integrative Omics and Clinical Bioinformatics

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/03/05/human-longevity-inc-hli-70m-in-financing-of-venters-new-integrative-omics-and-clinical-bioinformatics/

 

 

Where Will the Century of Biology Lead Us?

By Randall Mayes

A technology trend analyst offers an overview of synthetic biology, its potential applications, obstacles to its development, and prospects for public approval.

  • In addition to boosting the economy, synthetic biology projects currently in development could have profound implications for the future of manufacturing, sustainability, and medicine.
  • Before society can fully reap the benefits of synthetic biology, however, the field requires development and faces a series of hurdles in the process. Do researchers have the scientific know-how and technical capabilities to develop the field?

Biology + Engineering = Synthetic Biology

Bioengineers aim to build synthetic biological systems using compatible standardized parts that behave predictably. Bioengineers synthesize DNA parts—oligonucleotides composed of 50–100 base pairs—which make specialized components that ultimately make a biological system. As biology becomes a true engineering discipline, bioengineers will create genomes using mass-produced modular units similar to the microelectronics and computer industries.

Currently, bioengineering projects cost millions of dollars and take years to develop products. For synthetic biology to become a Schumpeterian revolution, smaller companies will need to be able to afford to use bioengineering concepts for industrial applications. This will require standardized and automated processes.

A major challenge to developing synthetic biology is the complexity of biological systems. When bioengineers assemble synthetic parts, they must prevent cross talk between signals in other biological pathways. Until researchers better understand these undesired interactions that nature has already worked out, applications such as gene therapy will have unwanted side effects. Scientists do not fully understand the effects of environmental and developmental interaction on gene expression. Currently, bioengineers must repeatedly use trial and error to create predictable systems.

Similar to physics, synthetic biology requires the ability to model systems and quantify relationships between variables in biological systems at the molecular level.

The second major challenge to ensuring the success of synthetic biology is the development of enabling technologies. With genomes having billions of nucleotides, this requires fast, powerful, and cost-efficient computers. Moore’s law, named for Intel co-founder Gordon Moore, posits that computing power progresses at a predictable rate and that the number of components in integrated circuits doubles each year until its limits are reached. Since Moore’s prediction, computer power has increased at an exponential rate while pricing has declined.

DNA sequencers and synthesizers are necessary to identify genes and make synthetic DNA sequences. Bioengineer Robert Carlson calculated that the capabilities of DNA sequencers and synthesizers have followed a pattern similar to computing. This pattern, referred to as the Carlson Curve, projects that scientists are approaching the ability to sequence a human genome for $1,000, perhaps in 2020. Carlson calculated that the costs of reading and writing new genes and genomes are falling by a factor of two every 18–24 months. (see recent Carlson comment on requirement to read and write for a variety of limiting  conditions).

Startup to Strengthen Synthetic Biology and Regenerative Medicine Industries with Cutting Edge Cell Products

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/11/28/startup-to-strengthen-synthetic-biology-and-regenerative-medicine-industries-with-cutting-edge-cell-products/

Synthetic Biology: On Advanced Genome Interpretation for Gene Variants and Pathways: What is the Genetic Base of Atherosclerosis and Loss of Arterial Elasticity with Aging

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/05/17/synthetic-biology-on-advanced-genome-interpretation-for-gene-variants-and-pathways-what-is-the-genetic-base-of-atherosclerosis-and-loss-of-arterial-elasticity-with-aging/

Synthesizing Synthetic Biology: PLOS Collections

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/08/17/synthesizing-synthetic-biology-plos-collections/

Capturing ten-color ultrasharp images of synthetic DNA structures resembling numerals 0 to 9

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/02/05/capturing-ten-color-ultrasharp-images-of-synthetic-dna-structures-resembling-numerals-0-to-9/

Silencing Cancers with Synthetic siRNAs

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/12/09/silencing-cancers-with-synthetic-sirnas/

Genomics Now—and Beyond the Bubble

Futurists have touted the twenty-first century as the century of biology based primarily on the promise of genomics. Medical researchers aim to use variations within genes as biomarkers for diseases, personalized treatments, and drug responses. Currently, we are experiencing a genomics bubble, but with advances in understanding biological complexity and the development of enabling technologies, synthetic biology is reviving optimism in many fields, particularly medicine.

BY MICHAEL BROOKS    17 APR, 2014     http://www.newstatesman.com/

Michael Brooks holds a PhD in quantum physics. He writes a weekly science column for the New Statesman, and his most recent book is The Secret Anarchy of Science.

The basic idea is that we take an organism – a bacterium, say – and re-engineer its genome so that it does something different. You might, for instance, make it ingest carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, process it and excrete crude oil.

That project is still under construction, but others, such as using synthesised DNA for data storage, have already been achieved. As evolution has proved, DNA is an extraordinarily stable medium that can preserve information for millions of years. In 2012, the Harvard geneticist George Church proved its potential by taking a book he had written, encoding it in a synthesised strand of DNA, and then making DNA sequencing machines read it back to him.

When we first started achieving such things it was costly and time-consuming and demanded extraordinary resources, such as those available to the millionaire biologist Craig Venter. Venter’s team spent most of the past two decades and tens of millions of dollars creating the first artificial organism, nicknamed “Synthia”. Using computer programs and robots that process the necessary chemicals, the team rebuilt the genome of the bacterium Mycoplasma mycoides from scratch. They also inserted a few watermarks and puzzles into the DNA sequence, partly as an identifying measure for safety’s sake, but mostly as a publicity stunt.

What they didn’t do was redesign the genome to do anything interesting. When the synthetic genome was inserted into an eviscerated bacterial cell, the new organism behaved exactly the same as its natural counterpart. Nevertheless, that Synthia, as Venter put it at the press conference to announce the research in 2010, was “the first self-replicating species we’ve had on the planet whose parent is a computer” made it a standout achievement.

Today, however, we have entered another era in synthetic biology and Venter faces stiff competition. The Steve Jobs to Venter’s Bill Gates is Jef Boeke, who researches yeast genetics at New York University.

Boeke wanted to redesign the yeast genome so that he could strip out various parts to see what they did. Because it took a private company a year to complete just a small part of the task, at a cost of $50,000, he realised he should go open-source. By teaching an undergraduate course on how to build a genome and teaming up with institutions all over the world, he has assembled a skilled workforce that, tinkering together, has made a synthetic chromosome for baker’s yeast.

 

Stepping into DIYbio and Synthetic Biology at ScienceHack

Posted April 22, 2014 by Heather McGaw and Kyrie Vala-Webb

We got a crash course on genetics and protein pathways, and then set out to design and build our own pathways using both the “Genomikon: Violacein Factory” kit and Synbiota platform. With Synbiota’s software, we dragged and dropped the enzymes to create the sequence that we were then going to build out. After a process of sketching ideas, mocking up pathways, and writing hypotheses, we were ready to start building!

The night stretched long, and at midnight we were forced to vacate the school. Not quite finished, we loaded our delicate bacteria, incubator, and boxes of gloves onto the bus and headed back to complete our bacterial transformation in one of our hotel rooms. Jammed in between the beds and the mini-fridge, we heat-shocked our bacteria in the hotel ice bucket. It was a surreal moment.

While waiting for our bacteria, we held an “unconference” where we explored bioethics, security and risk related to synthetic biology, 3D printing on Mars, patterns in juggling (with live demonstration!), and even did a Google Hangout with Rob Carlson. Every few hours, we would excitedly check in on our bacteria, looking for bacterial colonies and the purple hue characteristic of violacein.

Most impressive was the wildly successful and seamless integration of a diverse set of people: in a matter of hours, we were transformed from individual experts and practitioners in assorted fields into cohesive and passionate teams of DIY biologists and science hackers. The ability of everyone to connect and learn was a powerful experience, and over the course of just one weekend we were able to challenge each other and grow.

Returning to work on Monday, we were hungry for more. We wanted to find a way to bring the excitement and energy from the weekend into the studio and into the projects we’re working on. It struck us that there are strong parallels between design and DIYbio, and we knew there was an opportunity to bring some of the scientific approaches and curiosity into our studio.

 

 

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Pharmacogenomics – A New Method for Druggability

Posted in Biomarkers & Medical Diagnostics, Biomedical Measurement Science, Cardiovascular Pharmacogenomics, Genome Biology, Genomic Testing: Methodology for Diagnosis, Medical and Population Genetics, Medical Devices R&D Investment, Metabolomics, Molecular Genetics & Pharmaceutical, Sensors & Analytics, Translational Science on April 28, 2014| Leave a Comment »

Pharmacogenomics – A New Method for Druggability

 

Author and Curator: Demet Sag, PhD

 

Living organisms have three main needs transfer of information, food and adopt to survive.  As a result translational medicine utilizes the “genetic information”, to correct health problems that are acquired or earned at birth.

Translational Pharmacogenomics relates to durable genome against diseases, complex, congenital, orphan- uncommon and infectious diseases.  Yet, there are caveats that need to be completed.

Hence, in this series I like to discuss clinical genomics, metabolomics and regulation of drugs by FDA to adopt what we need to what we can make.   This is the new terminology trio of life replacing genetics, food and adoption to survive.  Thus, genetics, genomics, bioinformatics, clinical research, clinical genomics and drugs make up part of the translational medicine in short this field classified under pharmacogenomics.

In 2003 there were two reviews on pharmacogenomics but there is a great jump in this area.

There are differences and similarities in genomics.  When drug-ability is combined we can have a “pharmacogenetics” that directly uses genetics information to diagnose or fix the disease. Thus, “intellectual” screening may involves sequencing the whole genome or using a sensor to detect the specific piece of genome.  This brings out the personalized medicine since each one of us has a unique genetic make- up.

Inconsistencies are part of the connection details where curation is the key to identify the real targets and eliminate the false targets for development of targets. There are inconsistencies that need to be identified.  This can be observed in detail at Haibe-Kains et al, Nature reported “Inconsistency in large pharmacogenomic studies (PMID 24284626) or recent

Anticoagulant therapy is a game of tight balancing for the sake of patient as there are not many drugs to control blood coagulation mechanism properly during the course of drug treatment. As a result, anticoagulant therapy is a plausible area to discover new drug by pharmacokinetics to replace well known warfarin.

Coumarins have a wide range of use in clinics with  a narrow therapeutic index drug with frequent hemorrhagic complications regardless of its dose adjustment because there are many clinical variables including age, gender, weight, nutritional factors, dietary vitamin K intake and interactive medications.

The ratio between cost and health outcomes is very important since the cost of warfarin adverse drug reactions is high and is estimated to exceed $180 billion dollars annually.

On the other hand, in average about 18-22 million dollar warfarin prescribed per year, in 2003 23 million, in 2006 19 million dollars etc.  However, coagulation, and consequently, warfarin dose, is influenced by many other factors both physiological and genetic.

There has been a clinical trial on warfarin treatment based on genotype guided  dosing but this study fail to present any improvement on anticoagulation control at the first 4 weeks of therapy,  NCT00839657. However, neither patients nor doctors knew about the warfarin doses in the study that included 1015 patients to receive doses of warfarin during the first 5 days of therapy or 28 days. The doses determined by reported clinical outcomes and genotypes.

On the other hand, a total of 455 patients were recruited, with 227 randomly assigned to the genotype-guided group and 228 assigned to the control group. The mean percentage of time in the therapeutic range was 67.4% in the genotype-guided group as compared with 60.3% in the control group (adjusted difference, 7.0 percentage points; 95% confidence interval, 3.3 to 10.6; P<0.001). There were significantly fewer incidences of excessive anticoagulation (INR ≥4.0) in the genotype-guided group. The median time to reach a therapeutic INR was 21 days in the genotype-guided group as compared with 29 days in the control group (P<0.001).

Higashi et al also reported that the CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 polymorphisms may increase over anticoagulation and of bleeding thus it is plausible to suggest that screening for CYP2C9 polymorphisms may help clinicians in two ways.  First improve dosing protocols.  Second, prevent the risk of adverse drug reactions in patients receiving warfarin.

On the other hand, vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1 (VKORC1) at transcriptional gene regulation level may gauge warfarin doses. They suggest that if one has certain variants the warfarin dose changes low, medium and high based on transcriptional level VKORC1 gene expression.

Thus, Tuan study showed that VKORC1 promoter mutation to identify if this results in any changes for warfarin dosing among population. . They found that Chinese population requires smaller dose than the Caucasians because patients with the −1639 promoter polymorphism AA genotype had lower dose requirements, whereas the AG/GG genotypes had higher dose requirements.

Yet, another study tried to relate warfarin dosing based on genetic mutations,  CYP2C9 and  VKORC1.  However, the missing link of this study is excluding the SNPs and variations in other genes in the coagulation cascade that is affected by VKORC1 specially since VKORC1 play a role in vitamin K recycling and posttranslation that insures proper attachment of coagulation factors prothrombin, HFVII, HFIX and HFX.

Demographic variables N = 495
  1. SD, standard deviation; VKORC1, vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1; CYP, cytochrome P 450. †The VKORC1 A haplotype can be detected by −1639 G > A.
Age, mean (SD), years 55 (13)
Gender
 Female, n (%) 234 (47%)
 Male, n (%) 261 (53%)
Race
 Caucasian, n (%) 434 (88%)
 African-American, n (%) 47 (9%)
 Other, n (%) 14 (3%)
Hispanic ethnicity, n (%) 6 (1%)
Genetic variables
 VKORC1 A haplotype† frequency 37.5%
 CYP2C9*2 allele frequency 12.2%
 CYP2C9*3 allele frequency 6.4%
Clinical variables
 Geometric mean warfarin dose, mg per day, (SD) 4.4 (1.5)
 Body surface area, in m2 mean (SD) 2.05 (0.27)
 Smoker, n (%) 57 (12%)
 Takes statin, n (%) 53 (11%)
 Takes amiodarone, n (%) 0 (0%)
 Takes aspirin, n (%) 97 (20%)
Table 1.   Demographic, genetic and clinical characteristics of participants

 

Figure 1.  Percentage of dose variation explained at weekly time points.

  Day 0 (%) Day 7 (%) Day 14 (%) Day 21 (%)
Genetic 42.8 12.1 3.9 1.4
Clinical 10.8 6.4 2.2 1.9
INR 0 31.7 19.1 5.1
Prior dose 0 18.0 50.3 68.6
TOTAL 53.6 68.1 75.4 77.0
Table 2.   Percentage of dose variation explained (partial R2) at weekly time points

 

In summary,

we found that SNPs causing slower warfarin metabolism and increased warfarin sensitivity account for significant variability of therapeutic warfarin dose. These SNPs

are associated with increased risk of supratherapeutic INRs up to 28 days after initiation. However, the importance of genotype wanes over the initial weeks of therapy. Our findings

should prompt future studies to develop and assess the clinical utility of a day 7 pharmacogenetic dosing algorithm.

There are controversial studies or conflicting reports that needs to be elucidated with good bioinformatics tools as well as well done curation of available data.  After all the work CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes defined as  key factors and about 30 to 40% of the total variation in the final warfarin dose.  Patients for variations in CYP2C9 and VKORC1 provide information to enhance clinical algorithms currently.

Clinicians should apply genomics tools for maintain anticoagulant therapy for their patients.

 

SOURCE

A pharmacogenetic versus a clinical algorithm for warfarin dosing.

Kimmel SE, French B, Kasner SE, Johnson JA, Anderson JL, Gage BF, Rosenberg YD, Eby CS, Madigan RA, McBane RB, Abdel-Rahman SZ, Stevens SM, Yale S, Mohler ER 3rd, Fang MC, Shah V, Horenstein RB, Limdi NA, Muldowney JA 3rd, Gujral J, Delafontaine P, Desnick RJ, Ortel TL, Billett HH, Pendleton RC, Geller NL, Halperin JL, Goldhaber SZ, Caldwell MD, Califf RM, Ellenberg JH; COAG Investigators.

N Engl J Med. 2013 Dec 12;369(24):2283-93. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1310669. Epub 2013 Nov 19. PMID:24251361

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24251361

A randomized trial of genotype-guided dosing of warfarin

Pirmohamed M1, Burnside G, Eriksson N, Jorgensen AL, Toh CH, Nicholson T, Kesteven P, Christersson C, Wahlström B, Stafberg C, Zhang JE, Leathart JB,Kohnke H, Maitland-van der Zee AH, Williamson PR, Daly AK, Avery P, Kamali F, Wadelius M; EU-PACT Group.

N Engl J Med. 2013 Dec 12;369(24):2294-303. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1311386. Epub 2013 Nov 19.

A novel functional VKORC1 promoter polymorphism is associated with inter-individual and inter-ethnic differences in warfarin sensitivity.

Yuan HY, Chen JJ, Lee MT, Wung JC, Chen YF, Charng MJ, Lu MJ, Hung CR, Wei CY, Chen CH, Wu JY, Chen YTHum Mol Genet 2005; 14: 1745–51.

Genotypes of the cytochrome p450 isoform, CYP2C9, and the vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 conjointly determine stable warfarin dose: a prospective study.

Carlquist JF, Horne BD, Muhlestein JB, Lappe DL, Whiting BM, Kolek MJ, Clarke JL, James BC, Anderson JL.  J Thromb Thrombolysis 2006; 22: 191–7.

Further reading :

Abouzaid, S., Couto, J. E., & Royo, M. B. (2009). 58th annual meeting american society of human genetics, 2008. P T, 34(2), 92-94.

Bernhardt, B. A., Zayac, C., Gordon, E. S., Wawak, L., Pyeritz, R. E., & Gollust, S. E. (2012). Incorporating direct-to-consumer genomic information into patient care: attitudes and experiences of primary care physicians. Per Med, 9(7), 683-692. doi: 10.2217/pme.12.80

Chouchane, L., Mamtani, R., Dallol, A., & Sheikh, J. I. (2011). Personalized medicine: a patient-centered paradigm. J Transl Med, 9, 206. doi: 10.1186/1479-5876-9-206

Cooper, G. M., Johnson, J. A., Langaee, T. Y., Feng, H., Stanaway, I. B., Schwarz, U. I., . . . Rieder, M. J. (2008). A genome-wide scan for common genetic variants with a large influence on warfarin maintenance dose. Blood, 112(4), 1022-1027. doi: 10.1182/blood-2008-01-134247

Ensor, C. R., Cahoon, W. D., Crouch, M. A., Katlaps, G. J., Hess, M. L., Cooke, R. H., . . . Kasirajan, V. (2010). Antithrombotic therapy for the CardioWest temporary total artificial heart. Tex Heart Inst J, 37(2), 149-158.

LaSala, A., Bower, B., Windemuth, A., White, C. M., Kocherla, M., Seip, R., . . . Ruano, G. (2008). Integrating genomic based information into clinical warfarin (Coumadin) management: an illustrative case report. Conn Med, 72(7), 399-403.

Lewis, D. A., Stashenko, G. J., Akay, O. M., Price, L. I., Owzar, K., Ginsburg, G. S., . . . Ortel, T. L. (2011). Whole blood gene expression analyses in patients with single versus recurrent venous thromboembolism. Thromb Res, 128(6), 536-540. doi: 10.1016/j.thromres.2011.06.003

Ozdemir, V., Suarez-Kurtz, G., Stenne, R., Somogyi, A. A., Someya, T., Kayaalp, S. O., & Kolker, E. (2009). Risk assessment and communication tools for genotype associations with multifactorial phenotypes: the concept of “edge effect” and cultivating an ethical bridge between omics innovations and society. OMICS, 13(1), 43-61. doi: 10.1089/omi.2009.0011

Roth, J. A., Garrison, L. P., Jr., Burke, W., Ramsey, S. D., Carlson, R., & Veenstra, D. L. (2011). Stakeholder perspectives on a risk-benefit framework for genetic testing. Public Health Genomics, 14(2), 59-67. doi: 10.1159/000290452

Veenstra, D. L., Roth, J. A., Garrison, L. P., Jr., Ramsey, S. D., & Burke, W. (2010). A formal risk-benefit framework for genomic tests: facilitating the appropriate translation of genomics into clinical practice. Genet Med, 12(11), 686-693. doi: 10.1097/GIM.0b013e3181eff533

Wang, L., McLeod, H. L., & Weinshilboum, R. M. (2011). Genomics and drug response. N Engl J Med, 364(12), 1144-1153. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1010600

Woo, K. T., Lau, Y. K., Yap, H. K., Lee, G. S., Choong, H. L., Vathsala, A., . . . Lim, C. H. (2006). 3rd College of Physicians’ lecture–translational research: From bench to bedside and from bedside to bench; incorporating a clinical research journey in IgA nephritis (1976 to 2006). Ann Acad Med Singapore, 35(10), 735-741.

 

Other articles on Pharmacogenomics published in this Open Access Online Scientific Journal include the following:

Pharmacogenomics for Cardiovascular Diseases

Blood Pressure Response to Antihypertensives: Hypertension Susceptibility Loci Study

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/01/02/blood-pressure-response-to-antihypertensives-atenolol-and-hydrochlorothiazide-hypertension-susceptibility-loci-study/ 

Statin-Induced Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Reduction: Genetic Determinants in the Response to Rosuvastatin

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/01/02/statin-induced-low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol-reduction-genetic-determinants-in-the-response-to-rosuvastatin/

SNPs in apoE are found to influence statin response significantly. Less frequent variants in PCSK9 and smaller effect sizes in SNPs in HMGCR

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/01/02/snps-in-apoe-are-found-to-influence-statin-response-significantly-less-frequent-variants-in-pcsk9-and-smaller-effect-sizes-in-snps-in-hmgcr/

Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel and Pharmacogenetic Association with Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes: Hypertension Treatment with Verapamil SR (CCB) vs Atenolol (BB) or Trandolapril (ACE)

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/01/02/voltage-gated-calcium-channel-and-pharmacogenetic-association-with-adverse-cardiovascular-outcomes-hypertension-treatment-with-verapamil-sr-ccb-vs-atenolol-bb-or-trandolapril-ace/

Response to Rosuvastatin in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction: Hepatic Metabolism and Transporter Gene Variants Effect

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/01/02/response-to-rosuvastatin-in-patients-with-acute-myocardial-infarction-hepatic-metabolism-and-transporter-gene-variants-effect/

Helping Physicians identify Gene-Drug Interactions for Treatment Decisions: New ‘CLIPMERGE’ program – Personalized Medicine @ The Mount Sinai Medical Center

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/04/15/helping-physicians-identify-gene-drug-interactions-for-treatment-decisions-new-clipmerge-program-personalized-medicine-the-mount-sinai-medical-center/

Leveraging Mathematical Models to Understand Population Variability in Response to Cardiac Drugs: Eric Sobie, PhD

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/04/22/leveraging-mathematical-mod

els-to-understand-population-variability-in-response-to-cardiac-drugs-eric-s

obie-phd/ 

Is Pharmacogenetic-based Dosing of Warfarin Superior for Anticoagulation Control?

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/02/04/is-pharmacogenetic-based-dosing-of-warfarin-superior-for-anticoagulation-control/

 

 

 

 

 

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Introduction to e-Series A: Cardiovascular Diseases, Volume Four Part 2: Regenerative Medicine

Posted in Acute Myocardial Infarction, Biological Networks, Gene Regulation and Evolution, Ca2+ triggered activation, Calcium Signaling, Calmodulin Kinase and Contraction, Cardiac & Vascular Repair Tools Subsegment, Cardiac muscle regeneration, Cardiomyopathy, Cardiovascular Pharmacogenomics, Cardiovascular Research, Cell Biology, Signaling & Cell Circuits, Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH), Circulating Progenitor Cells, Coagulation Therapy and Internal Bleeding, Competition in regenerative stem cell science, Computational Biology/Systems and Bioinformatics, Curation, De novo synthesis, Diabetes Mellitus, Discovery process, Disease Biology, Small Molecules in Development of Therapeutic Drugs, Drug Delivery Platform Technology, Endothelial cells, Epigenetics and Cardiovascular Risks, Experimental validation, Frontiers in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Disorders, Genome Biology, Genomic Testing: Methodology for Diagnosis, HTN, Medical Devices R&D and Inventions, Molecular Genetics & Pharmaceutical, Na-K transport, Na-K-ATPase, Nitric Oxide in Health and Disease, Nutrition, Origins of Cardiovascular Disease, PCI, Personalized and Precision Medicine & Genomic Research, Pharmaceutical Analytics, Pharmacotherapy of Cardiovascular Disease, Population Health Management, Genetics & Pharmaceutical, Population Health Management, Nutrition and Phytochemistry, Proteomics, Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Resident-cell-based, Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine, tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , on April 27, 2014| Leave a Comment »

Introduction to e-Series A: Cardiovascular Diseases, Volume Four Part 2: Regenerative Medicine

Author and Curator: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP

and

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

This document is entirely devoted to medical and surgical therapies that have made huge strides in

  • simplification of interventional procedures,
  • reduced complexity, resulting in procedures previously requiring surgery are now done, circumstances permitting, by medical intervention.

This revolution in cardiovascular interventional therapy is regenerative medicine.  It is regenerative because it is largely driven by

  • the introduction into the impaired vasculature of an induced pleuripotent cell, called a stem cell, although
  • the level of differentiation may not be a most primitive cell line.

There is also a very closely aligned development in cell biology that extends beyond and including vascular regeneration that is called synthetic biology.  These developments have occurred at an accelerated rate in the last 15 years. The methods of interventional cardiology were already well developed in the mid 1980s.  This was at the peak of cardiothoracic bypass surgery.

Research on the endothelial cell,

  • endothelial cell proliferation,
  • shear flow in small arteries, especially at branch points, and
  • endothelial-platelet interactions

led to insights about plaque formation and vessel thrombosis.

Much was learned in biomechanics about the shear flow stresses on the luminal surface of the vasculature, and there was also

  • the concomitant discovery of nitric oxide,
  • oxidative stress, and
  • the isoenzymes of nitric oxide synthase (eNOS, iNOS, and nNOS).

It became a fundamental tenet of vascular biology that

  • atherogenesis is a maladjustment to oxidative stress not only through genetic, but also
  • non-genetic nutritional factors that could be related to the balance of omega (ω)-3 and omega (ω)-6 fatty acids,
  • a pro-inflammatory state that elicits inflammatory cytokines, such as, interleukin-6 (IL6) and c-reactive protein(CRP),
  • insulin resistance with excess carbohydrate associated with type 2 diabetes and beta (β) cell stress,
  • excess trans- and saturated fats, and perhaps
  • the now plausible colonic microbial population of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT).

There is also an association of abdominal adiposity,

  • including the visceral peritoneum, with both T2DM and with arteriosclerotic vessel disease,
  • which is presenting at a young age, and has ties to
  • the effects of an adipokine, adiponectin.

Much important work has already been discussed in the domain of cardiac catheterization and research done to

  • prevent atheroembolization.and beyond that,
  • research done to implant an endothelial growth matrix.

Even then, dramatic work had already been done on

  • the platelet structure and metabolism, and
  • this has transformed our knowledge of platelet biology.

The coagulation process has been discussed in detailed in a previous document.  The result was the development of a

  • new class of platelet aggregation inhibitors designed to block the activation of protein on the platelet surface that
  • is critical in the coagulation cascade.

In addition, the term long used to describe atherosclerosis, atheroma notwithstanding, is “hardening of the arteries”.  This is particularly notable with respect to mid-size arteries and arterioles that feed the heart and kidneys. Whether it is preceded by or develops concurrently with chronic renal insufficiency and lowered glomerular filtration rate is perhaps arguable.  However, there is now a body of evidence that points to

  • a change in the vascular muscularis and vessel stiffness, in addition to the endothelial features already mentioned.

This has provided a basis for

  • targeted pharmaceutical intervention, and
  • reduction in salt intake.

So we have a  group of metabolic disorders, which may alone or in combination,

  • lead to and be associated with the long term effects of cardiovascular disease, including
  • congestive heart failure.

This has been classically broken down into forward and backward failure,

  • depending on decrease outflow through the aorta (ejection fraction), or
  • decreased venous return through the vena cava,

which involves increased pulmonary vascular resistance and decreased return into the left atrium.

This also has ties to several causes, which may be cardiac or vascular. This document, as the previous, has four pats.  They are broadly:

  1. Stem Cells in Cardiovascular Diseases
  2. Regenerative Cell and Molecular Biology
  3. Therapeutics Levels In Molecular Cardiology
  4. Research Proposals for Endogenous Augmentation of circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells (cEPCs)

As in the previous section, we start with the biology of the stem cell and the degeneration in cardiovascular diseases, then proceed to regeneration, then therapeutics, and finally – proposals for augmenting therapy with circulating endogenous endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs).

 

context

stem cells

 

theme

regeneration

 

 

 

 

theme

Therapeutics

 

theme

augmentation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Key pathways involving NO

Key pathways involving NO

 

 

 

 

stem cell lin28

stem cellLlin28

1479-5876-10-175-1-l translational research with feedback loops

Tranlational Research -Lab to Bedside

 

 

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Introduction to Translational Medicine (TM) – Part 1: Translational Medicine

Posted in Affordable Care Act, Atherogenic Processes & Pathology, Biological Networks, Gene Regulation and Evolution, Biomarkers & Medical Diagnostics, Ca2+ triggered activation, Cachexia, Calcium Signaling, Cardiac & Vascular Repair Tools Subsegment, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures, Cardiovascular Pharmacogenomics, Cardiovascular Research, Cell Biology, Signaling & Cell Circuits, Computational Biology/Systems and Bioinformatics, Curation, Diabetes Mellitus, Diagnostic Immunology, Disease Biology, Small Molecules in Development of Therapeutic Drugs, Drug Toxicity, Epigenetics and Cardiovascular Risks, Experimental validation, Explanatory, Genome Biology, Genomic Expression, Genomic Testing: Methodology for Diagnosis, Health Economics and Outcomes Research, HealthCare IT, Immunodiagnostics, Interviews with Scientific Leaders, Medicare and Medicaid, Metabolomics, Methylation, Molecular Genetics & Pharmaceutical, mtDNA, Nutrition, Origins of Cardiovascular Disease, Personalized and Precision Medicine & Genomic Research, Pharmaceutical Analytics, Pharmacotherapy of Cardiovascular Disease, Population Health Management, Genetics & Pharmaceutical, Population Health Management, Nutrition and Phytochemistry, Proteomics, Regenerative Biology and Medicine, tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , on April 25, 2014| Leave a Comment »

Introduction to Translational Medicine (TM) – Part 1: Translational Medicine

Author and Curator: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP

and

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

Article ID #134: Introduction to Translational Medicine (TM) – Part 1: Translational Medicine. Published on 4/25/2014

WordCloud Image Produced by Adam Tubman

 

This document in the Series A: Cardiovascular Diseases e-Series Volume 4: Translational and Regenerative Medicine,  is a measure of the postgenomic and proteomic advances in the laboratory to the practice of clinical medicine.  The Chapters are preceded by several videos by prominent figures in the emergence of this transformative change.  When I was a medical student, a large body of the current language and technology that has extended the practice of medicine did not exist, but a new foundation, predicated on the principles of modern medical education set forth by Abraham Flexner, was sprouting.  The highlights of this evolution were:

  • Requirement for premedical education in biology, organic chemistry, physics, and genetics.
  • Medical education included two years of basic science education in anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, and pathology prior to introduction into the clinical course sequence of the last two years.
  • Post medical graduate education was an internship year followed by residency in pediatrics, OBGyn, internal medicine, general surgery, psychiatry, neurology, neurosurgery, pathology, radiology, and anesthesiology, emergency medicine.
  • Academic teaching centers were developing subspecialty centers in ophthalmology, ENT and head and neck surgery, cardiology and cardiothoracic surgery, and hematology, hematology/oncology, and neurology.
  • The expansion of postgraduate medical programs included significant postgraduate funding for programs by the National Institutes of Health, and the NIH had faculty development support in a system of peer-reviewed research grant programs in medical and allied sciences.

The period after the late 1980s saw a rapid expansion of research in genomics and drug development to treat emerging threats of infectious diseases as US had a large worldwide involvement after the end of the Vietnam War, and drug resistance was increasingly encountered (malaria, tick borne diseases, salmonellosis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, etc.).

Moreover, the post-millenium found a large, dwindling population of veterans who had served in WWII and Vietnam, and cardiovascular, musculoskeletal,  dementias, and cancer were now more common.  The Human Genome Project was undertaken to realign the existing knowledge of gene structure and genetic regulation with the needs for drug development, which was languishing in development failures due to unexpected toxicities.

A substantial disconnect existed between diagnostics and pharmaceutical development, which had been over-reliant on modification of known organic structures to increase potency and reduce toxicity.  This was about to change with changes in medical curricula, changes in residency programs and physicians cross-training in disciplines, and the emergence of bio-pharma, based on the emerging knowledge of the cell function, and at the same time, the medical profession was developing an evidence-base for therapeutics, and more pressure was placed on informed decision-making.

The great improvement in proteomics came from GCLC/MS-MS and is described in the video interview with Dr. Gyorgy Marko-Varga, Sweden, in video 1 of 3 (Advancing Translational Medicine).  This is a discussion that is focused on functional proteomics role in future diagnostics and therapy, involving a greater degree of accuracy in mass spectrometry (MS) than can be obtained by antibody-ligand binding, and is illustrated below, the last emphasizing the importance of information technology and predictive analytics

Thermo ScientificImmunoassays and LC–MS/MS have emerged as the two main approaches for quantifying peptides and proteins in biological samples. ELISA kits are available for quantification, but inherently lack the discriminative power to resolve isoforms and PTMs.

To address this issue we have developed and applied a mass spectrometry immunoassay–selected reaction monitoring (Thermo Scientific™ MSIA™ SRM technology) research method to quantify PCSK9 (and PTMs), a key player in the regulation of circulating low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).

A Day in the (Future) Life of a Predictive Analytics Scientist

 

By Lars Rinnan, CEO, NextBridge   April 22, 2014

A look into a normal day in the near future, where predictive analytics is everywhere, incorporated in everything from household appliances to wearable computing devices.

During the test drive (of an automobile), the extreme acceleration makes your heart beat so fast that your personal health data sensor triggers an alarm. The health data sensor is integrated into the strap of your wrist watch. This data is transferred to your health insurance company, so you say a prayer that their data scientists are clever enough to exclude these abnormal values from your otherwise impressive health data. Based on such data, your health insurance company’s consulting unit regularly gives you advice about diet, exercise, and sleep. You have followed their advice in the past, and your performance has increased, which automatically reduced your insurance premiums. Win-win, you think to yourself, as you park the car, and decide to buy it.

In the clinical presentation at Harlan Krumholtz’ Yale Symposium, Prof. Robert Califf, Director of the Duke University Translational medicine Clinical Research Institute, defines translational medicine as effective translation of science to clinical medicine in two segments:

  1. Adherence to current standards
  2. Improving the enterprise by translating knowledge

He says that discrepancies between outcomes and medical science will bridge a gap in translation by traversing two parallel systems.

  1. Physician-health organization
  2. Personalized medicine

He emphasizes that the new basis for physician standards will be legitimized in the following:

  1. Comparative effectiveness (Krumholtz)
  2. Accountability

Some of these points are repeated below:

WATCH VIDEOS ON YOUTUBE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JFdJRh9ZPps#t=678  Harlan Krumholtz

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JFdJRh9ZPps#t=678  complexity

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JFdJRh9ZPps#t=678  integration map

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JFdJRh9ZPps#t=678  progression

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JFdJRh9ZPps#t=678  informatics

An interesting sidebar to the scientific medical advances is the huge shift in pressure on an insurance system that has coexisted with a public system in Medicare and Medicaid, initially introduced by the health insurance industry for worker benefits (Kaiser, IBM, Rockefeller), and we are undertaking a formidable change in the ACA.

The current reality is that actuarially, the twin system that has existed was unsustainable in the long term because it is necessary to have a very large pool of the population to spread the costs, and in addition, the cost of pharmaceutical development has driven consolidation in the industry, and has relied on the successes from public and privately funded research.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X6J_7PvWoMw#t=57  Corbett Report Nov 2013

(1979 ER Brown)  UCPress  Rockefeller Medicine Men

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X6J_7PvWoMw#t=57   Liz Fowler VP of Wellpoint (designed ACA)

I shall digress for a moment and insert a video history of DNA, that hits the high points very well, and is quite explanatory of the genomic revolution in medical science, biology, infectious disease and microbial antibiotic resistance, virology, stem cell biology, and the undeniability of evolution.

DNA History

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UUDzN4w8mKI&list=UUoHRSQ0ahscV14hlmPabkVQ

As I have noted above, genomics is necessary, but not sufficient.  The story began as replication of the genetic code, which accounted for variation, but the accounting for regulation of the cell and for metabolic processes was, and remains in the domain of an essential library of proteins. Moreover, the functional activity of proteins, at least but not only if they are catalytic, shows structural variants that is characterized by small differences in some amino acids that allow for separation by net charge and have an effect on protein-protein and other interactions.

Protein chemistry is so different from DNA chemistry that it is quite safe to consider that DNA in the nucleotide sequence does no more than establish the order of amino acids in proteins. On the other hand, proteins that we know so little about their function and regulation, do everything that matters including to set what and when to read something in the DNA.

Jose Eduardo de Salles Roselino

Chapters 2, 3, and 4 sequentially examine:

  • The causes and etiologies of cardiovascular diseases
  • The diagnosis, prognosis and risks determined by – biomarkers in serum, circulating cells, and solid tissue by contrast radiography
  • Treatment of cardiovascular diseases by translation of science from bench to bedside, including interventional cardiology and surgical repair

These are systematically examined within a framework of:

  • Genomics
  • Proteomics
  • Cardiac and Vascular Signaling
  • Platelet and Endothelial Signaling
  • Cell-protein interactions
  • Protein-protein interactions
  • Post-Translational Modifications (PTMs)
  • Epigenetics
  • Noncoding RNAs and regulatory considerations
  • Metabolomics (the metabolome)
  • Mitochondria and oxidative stress

 

Read Full Post »

Cardiovascular Diseases and Pharmacological Therapy: Curations by Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

Posted in Acute Myocardial Infarction, Anemia in CVD Patients, Atherogenic Processes & Pathology, CANCER BIOLOGY & Innovations in Cancer Therapy, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures, Cardiac muscle regeneration, Cardiomyopathy, Cardiovascular Pharmacogenomics, Cardiovascular Research, Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH), Circulating Progenitor Cells, Coagulation Therapy and Internal Bleeding, Competition in regenerative stem cell science, Computational Biology/Systems and Bioinformatics, Congenital Heart Disease, Curation, Disease Biology, Small Molecules in Development of Therapeutic Drugs, Drug Delivery Platform Technology, Drug Toxicity, Electrophysiology, Epigenetics and Cardiovascular Risks, FDA Regulatory Affairs, Frontiers in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Disorders, HTN, HTN in Youth, Myocardial metabolism, Myocardial ischemia, myocardial perfusion, Myocardial adenine nucleotide metabolism, Nitric Oxide in Health and Disease, Origins of Cardiovascular Disease, Personalized and Precision Medicine & Genomic Research, Pharmaceutical Analytics, Pharmaceutical Industry Competitive Intelligence, Pharmaceutical R&D Investment, Pharmacogenomics, Pharmacologic toxicities, Pharmacotherapy of Cardiovascular Disease, Population Health Management, Genetics & Pharmaceutical, Population Health Management, Nutrition and Phytochemistry, Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Regulated Clinical Trials: Design, Methods, Components and IRB related issues, Resident-cell-based, Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (SCAD), Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine, Systemic Inflammatory Response Related Disorders, Technology Transfer: Biotech and Pharmaceutical, Translational Effectiveness, Translational Research, Translational Science on April 17, 2014| Leave a Comment »

Cardiovascular Diseases and Pharmacological Therapy: Curations by Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN, 2006 – 4/2018

 

+120 articles listed below cover the following topics:

  • National Trends: Cardiovascular-related Hospital stay, Cost of Treatment & Societal Burden
  • Introduction to Drug Types: De Novo Brand, Generic, Biologics, Biosimsilars
  • Anti-Inflammatory & Systemic Inflammatory
  • Anti-thrombotic Drug Class & Novel Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs)
  • Pharmaco-Genetics response to Congenital and Spontaneous Mutations: new drugs and new biomarkers for Atherosclerosis, Genetic-related Novel Anti-Cholesterol, Lipids, LDL, HDL, Hypertriglyceridemia Hyperlipidemia
  • Epigenetics, Gender differences and Life Style: DM, Obesity, Hormonal Markers, Diets, Chrono-therapeutics
  • BP Management: Genetics & Human Adaptive Immunity
  • Anti-arrhythmic Drugs – Atrial Fibrillation (AF) & Silent Cerebral Infarctions
  • MI, Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) and Heart Failure (HF)
  • Calcium &Cardiovascular Diseases: Contractile Dysfunction, Calcium as Neurotransmitter Sensor
  • Regeneration: Cardiac System (cardiomyogenesis) and Vasculature (angiogenesis)
  • Vascular Biology, Atherosclerosis and Molecular Cardiology

 

A new mechanism of action to attack in the treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD), Novartis developed Ilaris (canakinumab), a human monoclonal antibody targeting the interleukin-1beta innate immunity pathway

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2018/04/06/a-new-mechanism-of-action-to-attack-in-the-treatment-of-coronary-artery-disease-cad-novartis-developed-ilaris-canakinumab-a-human-monoclonal-antibody-targeting-the-interleukin-1beta-innate-i/

 

Advantages and Disadvantages of Novel Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs)

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2018/03/20/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-novel-oral-anticoagulants-noacs/

 

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS): Strategies in Anticoagulant Selection: Diagnostics Approaches – Genetic Testing Aids vs. Biomarkers (Troponin types and BNP)

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2018/03/13/acute-coronary-syndrome-acs-strategies-in-anticoagulant-selection-diagnostics-approaches-genetic-testing-aids-vs-biomarkers-troponin-types-and-bnp/

 

Cholesterol Lowering Novel PCSK9 drugs: Praluent [Sanofi and Regeneron] vs Repatha [Amgen] – which drug cuts CV risks enough to make it cost-effective?

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2018/03/12/cholesterol-lowering-novel-pcsk9-drugs-praluent-sanofi-and-regeneron-vs-repatha-amgen-which-drug-cuts-cv-risks-enough-to-make-it-cost-effective/

 

Higher BMI (Obesity Marker): Earlier onset of incident CVD followed by Shorter overall Survival – Men and women of all ages

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2018/03/05/higher-bmi-obesity-marker-earlier-onset-of-incident-cvd-followed-by-shorter-overall-survival-men-and-women-of-all-ages/

 

ODYSSEY Outcomes trial evaluating the effects of a PCSK9 inhibitor, alirocumab, on major cardiovascular events in patients with an acute coronary syndrome to be presented at the American College of Cardiology meeting on March 10.

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2018/02/28/odyssey-outcomes-trial-evaluating-the-effects-of-a-pcsk9-inhibitor-alirocumab-on-major-cardiovascular-events-in-patients-with-an-acute-coronary-syndrome-to-be-presented-at-the-america/

 

Sex and Gender Connections: Heart and Brain Disease in Women

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2018/02/28/sex-and-gender-connections-heart-and-brain-disease-in-women/

 

In 2018 Cardiovascular PharmacoTherapy Market: Anti-thrombotic Drug Class Segment will continue to bring in the biggest profit and dominate production

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2018/02/27/in-2018-cardiovascular-pharmacotherapy-market-anti-thrombotic-drug-class-segment-will-continue-to-bring-in-the-biggest-profit-and-dominate-production/

 

Cost per Inpatient Hospital Stay: Five cardiovascular issues ranked in the top 10 – #1 Heart valve disorders, #2 Acute myocardial infarction (heart attack), #4 Coronary atherosclerosis, #7 Septicemia, #10 Acute cerebrovascular disease

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2018/02/27/cost-per-inpatient-hospital-stay-five-cardiovascular-issues-ranked-in-the-top-10-1-heart-valve-disorders-2-acute-myocardial-infarction-heart-attack-4-coronary-atherosclerosis/

 

There may be a genetic basis to CAD and that CXCL5 may be of therapeutic interest

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2018/02/09/there-may-be-a-genetic-basis-to-cad-and-that-cxcl5-may-be-of-therapeutic-interest/

 

FDA Approval marks first presentation of bivalirudin in frozen, premixed, ready-to-use formulation

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2018/01/24/fda-approval-marks-first-presentation-of-bivalirudin-in-frozen-premixed-ready-to-use-formulation/

 

What Level of Blood Pressure (BP) should be Treated? Comments on the New Guidelines

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2018/01/24/what-level-of-blood-pressure-bp-should-be-treated-comments-on-the-new-guidelines/

 

FDA approval on 12/1/2017 of Amgen’s evolocumb (Repatha) a PCSK9 inhibitor for the prevention of heart attacks, strokes, and coronary revascularizations in patients with established cardiovascular disease

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2017/12/01/fda-approval-on-12-1-2017-of-amgens-evolocumb-repatha-a-pcsk9-inhibitor-for-the-prevention-of-heart-attacks-strokes-and-coronary-revascularizations-in-patients-with-established-cardiovascular-di/

 

Long-term Canakinumab Treatment Lowering Inflammation Independent of Lipid Levels for Residual Inflammatory Risk Benefit – Personalized Medicine for Recurrent MI, Strokes and Cardiovascular Death

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2017/11/21/long-term-canakinumab-treatment-lowering-inflammation-independent-of-lipid-levels-for-residual-inflammatory-risk-benefit-personalized-medicine-for-recurrent-mi-strokes-and-cardiovascular-death/

 

Daily Highlights at 2017 American Heart Association Annual Meeting Scientific Sessions

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2017/11/14/daily-highlights-at-2017-american-heart-association-annual-meeting-scientific-sessions/

 

2017 Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults – A REPORT OF THE American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2017/11/14/2017-guideline-for-the-prevention-detection-evaluation-and-management-of-high-blood-pressure-in-adults-a-report-of-the-american-college-of-cardiology-american-heart-association-task-force-on-clin/

 

2017 American Heart Association Annual Meeting: Sunday’s Science at #AHA17 – Presidential Address

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2017/11/13/2017-american-heart-association-annual-meeting-sundays-science-at-aha17-presidential-address/

 

Systemic Inflammatory Diseases as Crohn’s disease, Rheumatoid Arthritis and Longer Psoriasis Duration May Mean Higher CVD Risk

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2017/10/09/systemic-inflammatory-diseases-as-crohns-disease-rheumatoid-arthritis-and-longer-psoriasis-duration-may-mean-higher-cvd-risk/

 

Shaun Coughlin from UCSF Cardiovascular Research Center to cardio group for the Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research in Cambridge, MA

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2017/08/17/shaun-coughlin-from-ucsf-cardiovascular-research-center-to-cardio-group-for-the-novartis-institute-for-biomedical-research-in-cambridge-ma/

 

In Europe, BigData@Heart aim to improve patient outcomes and reduce societal burden of atrial fibrillation (AF), heart failure (HF) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2017/07/10/in-europe-bigdataheart-aim-to-improve-patient-outcomes-and-reduce-societal-burden-of-atrial-fibrillation-af-heart-failure-hf-and-acute-coronary-syndrome-acs/

 

SNP-based Study on high BMI exposure confirms CVD and DM Risks – no associations with Stroke

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2017/07/10/snp-based-study-on-high-bmi-exposure-confirms-cvd-and-dm-risks-no-associations-with-stroke/

 

Tweets by @pharma_BI and @AVIVA1950 at World Medical Innovation Forum – CARDIOVASCULAR • MAY 1-3, 2017, BOSTON, MA

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2017/05/05/tweets-by-pharma_bi-and-aviva1950-at-world-medical-innovation-forum-cardiovascular-%E2%80%A2-may-1-3-2017-boston-ma/

 

e-Proceedings for Day 1,2,3: World Medical Innovation Forum – CARDIOVASCULAR • MAY 1-3, 2017, BOSTON, MA

Curator and Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2017/05/05/e-proceedings-for-day-123-world-medical-innovation-forum-cardiovascular-%E2%80%A2-may-1-3-2017-boston-ma/

REAL TIME Highlights and Tweets: Day 1,2,3: World Medical Innovation Forum – CARDIOVASCULAR • MAY 1-3, 2017, BOSTON, MA

Author and Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2017/05/03/deliverables-day-123-world-medical-innovation-forum-cardiovascular-%E2%80%A2-may-1-3-2017-boston-ma-httpsworldmedicalinnovation-orgagenda-highlights-of-live-day-1-world-medical/

 

Expedite Use of Agents in Clinical Trials: New Drug Formulary Created – The NCI Formulary is a public-private partnership between NCI, part of the National Institutes of Health, and pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2017/01/12/expedite-use-of-agents-in-clinical-trials-new-drug-formulary-created-the-nci-formulary-is-a-public-private-partnership-between-nci-part-of-the-national-institutes-of-health-and-pharmaceutical-and/

 

Reversing Heart Disease: Combination of PCSK9 Inhibitors and Statins – Opinion by Steven Nissen, MD, Chairman of Cardiovascular Medicine at Cleveland Clinic

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2016/12/29/reversing-heart-disease-combination-of-pcsk9-inhibitors-and-statins-opinion-by-steven-nissen-md-chairman-of-cardiovascular-medicine-at-cleveland-clinicopinion-on-reversing-heart-disease-combinat/

 

Coronary Heart Disease Research: Sugar Industry influenced national conversation on heart disease – Adoption of Low Fat Diet vs Low Carbohydrates Diet

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2016/09/17/coronary-heart-disease-research-sugar-industry-influenced-national-conversation-on-heart-disease-adoption-of-low-fat-diet-vs-low-carbohydrates-diet/

 

Pathophysiology in Hypertension: Opposing Roles of Human Adaptive Immunity

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2016/08/19/pathophysiology-in-hypertension-opposing-roles-of-human-adaptive-immunity/

 

PCSK9 inhibitors: Reducing annual drug prices from more than $14 000 to $4536 would be necessary to meet a $100 000 per QALY threshold per JAMA

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2016/08/17/pcsk9-inhibitors-reducing-annual-drug-prices-from-more-than-14%E2%80%AF000-to-4536-would-be-necessary-to-meet-a-100%E2%80%AF000-per-qaly-threshold-per-jama/

 

The presence of any Valvular Heart Disease (VHD) did not influence the comparison of Dabigatran [Pradaxa, Boehringer Ingelheim] with Warfarin

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2016/08/16/the-presence-of-any-valvular-heart-disease-vhd-did-not-influence-the-comparison-of-dabigatran-pradaxa-boehringer-ingelheim-with-warfarin/

 

Resveratrol, an antioxidant found in red wine presented since 2003 presented for its potential to lower risk for cardiovascular disease and neurodegeneration by increasing cell survival and slowing aging: 2014 Study – Diet rich in resveratrol offers no health boost

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2016/07/25/resveratrol-an-antioxidant-found-in-red-wine-2014-study-resveratrol-offers-no-health-boost/

 

Amgen’s Corlanor® can help Reduce the Risk of Hospitalization for Patients with worsening Heart Failure

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2016/05/04/amgens-corlanor-can-help-reduce-the-risk-of-hospitalization-for-patients-with-worsening-heart-failure/

 

Effectiveness of Anti-arrhythmic Drugs: Amiodarone and Lidocaine, for treating sudden cardiac arrest, increasing likelihood of Patients Surviving Emergency Transport to Hospital

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2016/04/04/effectiveness-of-anti-arrhythmic-drugs-amiodarone-and-lidocaine-for-treating-sudden-cardiac-arrest-increasing-likelihood-of-patients-surviving-emergency-transport-to-hospital/

 

Efficacy and Tolerability of PCSK9 Inhibitors by Patients with Muscle-related Statin Intolerance – New Cleveland Clinic study published in JAMA 4/2016

Curators: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP and Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2016/04/03/efficacy-and-tolerability-of-pcsk9-inhibitors-by-patients-with-muscle-related-statin-intolerance-new-cleveland-clinic-study-published-in-jama-42016/

 

Triglycerides: Is it a Risk Factor or a Risk Marker for Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Disease ? The Impact of Genetic Mutations on (ANGPTL4) Gene, encoder of (angiopoietin-like 4) Protein, inhibitor of Lipoprotein Lipase

Reporters, Curators and Authors: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN and Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2016/03/13/triglycerides-is-it-a-risk-factor-or-a-risk-marker-for-atherosclerosis-and-cardiovascular-disease-the-impact-of-genetic-mutations-on-angptl4-gene-encoder-of-angiopoietin-like-4-protein-that-in/

 

In One-Hour: A Diagnosis of Heart Attack made possible by one Blood Test

Reporter: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2016/01/14/in-one-hour-a-diagnosis-of-heart-attack-made-possible-by-one-blood-test/

 

Heart-Failure–Related Mortality Rate: CDC Reports comparison of 2000, 2012, 2014  – the decease is steadily reversed

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2016/01/05/heart-failure-related-mortality-rate-cdc-reports-comparison-of-2000-2012-2014-the-decease-is-steadily-reversed/

 

PCSK9: A Recent Discovery in Understanding Cholesterol Regulation @ AMGEN Cardiovascular

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2015/08/04/pcsk9-a-recent-discovery-in-understanding-cholesterol-regulation-amgen-cardiovascular/

 

Praluent – FDA approved as Cholesterol-lowering Medicine for Patient non responsive to Statin due to Genetic origin of Hypercholesterolemia

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2015/07/27/praluent-fda-approved-as-cholesterol-lowering-medicine-for-patient-non-responsive-to-statin-due-to-genetic-origin-of-hypercholesterolemia/

 

Atherosclerosis: What is New in Biomarker Discovery

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2015/07/01/atherosclerosis-what-is-new-in-biomarker-discovery/

 

Cangrelor wins Clopidogrel (Plavix): reduction of Risk of a composite of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, ischemia driven revascularization, and stent thrombosis

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2015/04/16/cangrelor-wins-clopidogrel-plavix-reduction-of-risk-of-a-composite-of-all-cause-mortality-myocardial-infarction-ischemia-driven-revascularization-and-stent-thrombosis/

 

Sets of co-expressed Genes influence Blood Pressure Regulation: Genome-wide Association and mRNA expression @US National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2015/04/16/sets-of-co-expressed-genes-influence-blood-pressure-regulation-genome-wide-association-and-mrna-expression-us-national-heart-lung-and-blood-institute/

 

HDL-C: Target of Therapy – Steven E. Nissen, MD, MACC, Cleveland Clinic vs Peter Libby, MD, BWH

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/11/07/hdl-c-target-of-therapy-steven-e-nissen-md-macc-cleveland-clinic-vs-peter-libby-md-bwh/

 

Atrial Fibrillation and Silent Cerebral Infarctions: A Meta Analysis Study and Literature Review

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/11/04/atrial-fibrillation-and-silent-cerebral-infarctions-a-meta-analysis-study-and-literature-review/

 

Intracranial Vascular Stenosis: Comparison of Clinical Trials: Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty and Stenting (PTAS) vs. Clot-inhibiting Drugs: Aspirin and Clopidogrel (dual antiplatelet therapy) – more Strokes if Stenting

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/10/15/intracranial-vascular-stenosis-comparison-of-clinical-trials-percutaneous-transluminal-angioplasty-and-stenting-ptas-vs-clot-inhibiting-drugs-aspirin-and-clopidogrel-dual-antiplatelet-therapy/

 

Hypertension: It is Autoimmunity that Underlies its Development in Humans

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/10/08/hypertension-it-is-autoimmunity-that-underlies-its-development-in-humans/

 

OPINION LEADERSHIP on Cardiovascular Diseases

Cardiovascular Original Research: Cases in Methodology Design for Content Co-Curation

  • Cardiovascular Diseases, Volume Two: Cardiovascular Original Research: Cases in Methodology Design for Content Co-Curation. On Amazon.com since 11/30/2015

http://www.amazon.com/dp/B018Q5MCN8

 Epilogue to Volume Two

Author and Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN, Editor-in-Chief, BioMed e-Series of e-Books

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/07/31/opinion-leadership-on-cardiovascular-diseases/

 

Risk of Major Cardiovascular Events by LDL-Cholesterol Level (mg/dL): Among those treated with high-dose statin therapy, more than 40% of patients failed to achieve an LDL-cholesterol target of less than 70 mg/dL.

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/07/29/risk-of-major-cardiovascular-events-by-ldl-cholesterol-level-mgdl-among-those-treated-with-high-dose-statin-therapy-more-than-40-of-patients-failed-to-achieve-an-ldl-cholesterol-target-of-less-th/

 

Commentary on Biomarkers for Genetics and Genomics of Cardiovascular Disease: Views by Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP

Commissioned article, Author: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/07/16/commentary-on-biomarkers-for-genetics-and-genomics-of-cardiovascular-disease-views-by-larry-h-bernstein-md-fcap/

 

Coagulation Therapy: Leading New Drugs – Efficacy Comparison

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/05/10/coagulation-therapy-leading-new-drugs-efficacy-comparison/

 

Apixaban (Eliquis): Mechanism of Action, Drug Comparison and Additional Indications

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/05/10/apixaban-eliquis-mechanism-of-action-drug-comparison-and-additional-indications/

 

Boston Heart Diagnostics (BHD) offers Statin Induced Myopathy (SLCO1B1) Genotype test and genetic tests targeting ApoE, Factor V Leiden, prothrombin (Factor II), and CYP2C19

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/04/17/boston-heart-diagnostics-bhd-offers-statin-induced-myopathy-slco1b1-genotype-test-and-genetic-tests-targeting-apoe-factor-v-leiden-prothrombin-factor-ii-and-cyp2c19/

 

@@@ Cardiovascular Diseases and Pharmacological Therapy: Curations by Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

Curator: Aviva Leve-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/04/17/cardiovascular-diseases-and-pharmacological-therapy-curations-by-aviva-lev-ari-phd-rn/

 

Richard Lifton, MD, PhD of Yale University & Howard Hughes Medical Institute: Recipient of 2014 Breakthrough Prizes Awarded in Life Sciences for the Discovery of Genes and Biochemical Mechanisms that cause Hypertension

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/03/03/richard-lifton-md-phd-of-yale-university-and-howard-hughes-medical-institute-recipient-of-2014-breakthrough-prizes-awarded-in-life-sciences-for-the-discovery-of-genes-and-biochemical-mechanisms-tha/

 

Differences in Health Services Utilization and Costs between Antihypertensive Medication Users Versus Nonusers in Adults with Diabetes and Concomitant Hypertension from Medical Expenditure Panel Su…

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/02/28/differences-in-health-services-utilization-and-costs-between-antihypertensive-medication-users-versus-nonusers-in-adults-with-diabetes-and-concomitant-hypertension-from-medical-expenditure-panel-su-2/

 

2014 Epidemiology and Prevention, Nutrition, Physical Activity and Metabolism Conference: San Francisco, Ca. Conference Dates: San Francisco, CA 3/18-21, 2014

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/02/26/2014-epidemiology-and-prevention-nutrition-physical-activity-and-metabolism-conference-san-francisco-ca-conference-dates-san-francisco-ca-318-21-2014/

 

2014 High Blood Pressure Research Conference, 9/9 – 9/12, 2014 — Hilton SF Union Square, San Francisco, CA

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/02/24/2014-high-blood-pressure-research-conference-99-912-2014-hilton-sf-union-square-san-francisco-ca/

 

Females and Non-Atherosclerotic Plaque: Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection – New Insights from Research and DNA Ongoing Study

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/02/12/female-and-non-atherosclerotic-plaque-spontaneous-coronary-artery-dissection-new-insights-from-research-and-dna-ongoing-study/

 

Hypertension – JNC 8 Guideline: Henry R. Black, MD, Michael A. Weber, MD and Raymond R. Townsend, MD

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/02/12/hypertension-jnc-8-guideline-henry-r-black-md-michael-a-weber-md-and-raymond-r-townsend-md/

 

Why Don’t You Trust Generic Drugs as Much as Brand Name …

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/02/10/why-dont-you-trust-generic-drugs-as-much-as-brand-name/

 

National Trends, 2005 – 2011: Adverse-event Rates Declined among Patients Hospitalized for Acute Myocardial Infarction or Congestive Heart Failure

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/02/04/national-trends-2005-2011-adverse-event-rates-declined-among-patients-hospitalized-for-acute-myocardial-infarction-or-congestive-heart-failure/

 

Is Pharmacogenetic-based Dosing of Warfarin Superior for Anticoagulation Control?

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/02/04/is-pharmacogenetic-based-dosing-of-warfarin-superior-for-anticoagulation-control/

 

Prolonged Wakefulness: Lack of Sufficient Duration of Sleep as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Diseases – Indications for Cardiovascular Chrono-therapeutics

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/02/02/prolonged-wakefulness-lack-of-sufficient-duration-of-sleep-as-a-risk-factor-for-cardiovascular-diseases-indications-for-cardiovascular-chrono-therapeutics/

 

Testosterone Therapy for Idiopathic Hypogonadotrophic Hypogonadism has Beneficial and Deleterious Effects on Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/01/30/testosterone-therapy-for-idiopathic-hypogonadotrophic-hypogonadism-has-beneficial-and-deleterious-effects-on-cardiovascular-risk-factors/

 

Calcium and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Series of Twelve Articles in Advanced Cardiology

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/01/28/calcium-and-cardiovascular-diseases-a-series-of-twelve-articles-in-advanced-cardiology/

 

Acute Myocardial Infarction: Curations of Cardiovascular Original Research – A Bibliography

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/01/22/acute-myocardial-infarction-curations-of-cardiovascular-original-research-a-bibliography/

 

On-Hours vs Off-Hours: Presentation to ER with Acute Myocardial Infarction – Lower Survival Rate if Off-Hours

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/01/22/on-hours-vs-off-hours-presentation-to-er-with-acute-myocardial-infarction-lower-survival-rate-if-off-hours/

 

2014 Winter in New England: The Effect of Record Cold Temperatures on Cardiovascular Diseases

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/01/21/2014-winter-in-new-england-the-effect-of-record-cold-temperatures-on-cardiovascular-diseases/

 

Voices from the Cleveland Clinic: On the New Lipid Guidelines and On the ACC/AHA Risk Calculator

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/01/21/voices-from-the-cleveland-clinic-on-the-new-lipid-guidelines-and-on-the-accaha-risk-calculator/

 

Is it Hypertension or Physical Inactivity: Cardiovascular Risk and Mortality – New results in 3/2013

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/01/19/is-it-hypertension-or-physical-inactivity-cardiovascular-risk-and-mortality-new-results-in-32013/

 

Regeneration: Cardiac System (cardiomyogenesis) and Vasculature (angiogenesis)

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/01/15/regeneration-cardiac-system-and-vasculature

 

Conceived: NEW Definition for Co-Curation in Medical Research

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/01/04/conceived-new-definition-for-co-curation-in-medical-research/

 

The Young Surgeon and The Retired Pathologist: On Science, Medicine and HealthCare Policy – The Best Writers Among the WRITERS

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/12/10/the-young-surgeon-and-the-retired-pathologist-on-science-medicine-and-healthcare-policy-best-writers-among-the-writers/

 

Diabetes-risk Forecasts: Serum Calcium in Upper-Normal Range (>2.5 mmol/L) as a New Biomarker

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/09/25/diabetes-risk-forecasts-serum-calcium-in-upper-normal-range-2-5-mmoll-as-a-new-biomarker/

 

Do Novel Anticoagulants Affect the PT/INR? The Cases of XARELTO (rivaroxaban) or PRADAXA (dabigatran)

Curators: Lal, V., Justin D. Pearlman, MD, PhD, FACC and Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/09/23/do-novel-anticoagulants-affect-the-ptinr-the-cases-of-xarelto-rivaroxaban-and-pradaxa-dabigatran/

 

Calcium-Channel Blocker, Calcium Release-related Contractile Dysfunction (Ryanopathy) and Calcium as Neurotransmitter Sensor

Curators: Justin D. Pearlman, MD, PhD, FACC, Larry H. Bernstein, MD FCAP and Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/09/16/calcium-channel-blocker-calcium-as-neurotransmitter-sensor-and-calcium-release-related-contractile-dysfunction-ryanopathy/

 

Disruption of Calcium Homeostasis: Cardiomyocytes and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: The Cardiac and Cardiovascular Calcium Signaling Mechanism

Curators: Larry H. Bernstein, MD FCAP, Justin D. Pearlman, MD, PhD, FACC, and Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/09/12/disruption-of-calcium-homeostasis-cardiomyocytes-and-vascular-smooth-muscle-cells-the-cardiac-and-cardiovascular-calcium-signaling-mechanism/

 

Synaptotagmin functions as a Calcium Sensor: How Calcium Ions Regulate the fusion of vesicles with cell membranes during Neurotransmission

Curators:  Larry H. Bernstein, MD FCAP and Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/09/10/synaptotagmin-functions-as-a-calcium-sensor-how-calcium-ions-regulate-the-fusion-of-vesicles-with-cell-membranes-during-neurotransmission/

 

Cardiac Contractility & Myocardium Performance: Ventricular Arrhythmias and Non-ischemic Heart Failure – Therapeutic Implications for Cardiomyocyte Ryanopathy (Calcium Release-related Contractile Dysfunction) and Catecholamine Responses

Curators: Justin D. Pearlman, MD, PhD, FACC, Larry H. Bernstein, MD FCAP and Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/08/28/cardiac-contractility-myocardium-performance-ventricular-arrhythmias-and-non-ischemic-heart-failure-therapeutic-implications-for-cardiomyocyte-ryanopathy-calcium-release-related-contractile/

 

Cardiovascular Original Research: Cases in Methodology Design for Content Curation and Co-Curation

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/07/29/cardiovascular-original-research-cases-in-methodology-design-for-content-curation-and-co-curation/

 

Heart Transplant (HT) Indication for Heart Failure (HF): Procedure Outcomes and Research on HF, HT @ Two Nation’s Leading HF & HT Centers

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/07/09/research-programs-george-m-linda-h-kaufman-center-for-heart-failure-cleveland-clinic/

 

Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) at Birth and into Adulthood: The Role of Spontaneous Mutations

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/06/09/congenital-heart-disease-at-birth-and-into-adulthood-the-role-of-spontaneous-mutations-the-genes-and-the-pathways/

 

Clinical Indications for Use of Inhaled Nitric Oxide (iNO) in the Adult Patient Market: Clinical Outcomes after Use, Therapy Demand and Cost of Care

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/06/03/clinical-indications-for-use-of-inhaled-nitric-oxide-ino-in-the-adult-patient-market-clinical-outcomes-after-use-therapy-demand-and-cost-of-care/

 

Inhaled Nitric Oxide in Adults: Clinical Trials and Meta Analysis Studies – Recent Findings

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/06/02/inhaled-nitric-oxide-in-adults-with-acute-respiratory-distress-syndrome/

 

Imaging Biomarker for Arterial Stiffness: Pathways in Pharmacotherapy for Hypertension and Hypercholesterolemia Management

Curators: Justin D. Pearlman, MD, PhD, FACC and Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/05/24/imaging-biomarker-for-arterial-stiffness-pathways-in-pharmacotherapy-for-hypertension-and-hypercholesterolemia-management/

 

Synthetic Biology: On Advanced Genome Interpretation for Gene Variants and Pathways: What is the Genetic Base of Atherosclerosis and Loss of Arterial Elasticity with Aging

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/05/17/synthetic-biology-on-advanced-genome-interpretation-for-gene-variants-and-pathways-what-is-the-genetic-base-of-atherosclerosis-and-loss-of-arterial-elasticity-with-aging/

 

Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Treatment and Prevention: Current & Predicted Cost of Care and the Promise of Individualized Medicine Using Clinical Decision Support Systems

Curators: Justin D. Pearlman, MD, PhD, FACC, Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP and Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/05/15/diagnosis-of-cardiovascular-disease-treatment-and-prevention-current-predicted-cost-of-care-and-the-promise-of-individualized-medicine-using-clinical-decision-support-systems-2/

 

Gene, Meis1, Regulates the Heart’s Ability to Regenerate after Injuries.

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/05/03/gene-meis1-regulates-the-hearts-ability-to-regenerate-after-injuries/

 

Prostacyclin and Nitric Oxide: Adventures in Vascular Biology – A Tale of Two Mediators

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/04/30/prostacyclin-and-nitric-oxide-adventures-in-vascular-biology-a-tale-of-two-mediators/

 

Genetics of Conduction Disease: Atrioventricular (AV) Conduction Disease (block): Gene Mutations – Transcription, Excitability, and Energy Homeostasis

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/04/28/genetics-of-conduction-disease-atrioventricular-av-conduction-disease-block-gene-mutations-transcription-excitability-and-energy-homeostasis/

 

Economic Toll of Heart Failure in the US: Forecasting the Impact of Heart Failure in the United States – A Policy Statement From the American Heart Association

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/04/25/economic-toll-of-heart-failure-in-the-us-forecasting-the-impact-of-heart-failure-in-the-united-states-a-policy-statement-from-the-american-heart-association/

 

Harnessing New Players in Atherosclerosis to Treat Heart Disease

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/04/25/harnessing-new-players-in-atherosclerosis-to-treat-heart-disease/

 

Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) Inhibitor: Potential of Anacetrapib to treat Atherosclerosis and CAD

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/04/07/cholesteryl-ester-transfer-protein-cetp-inhibitor-potential-of-anacetrapib-to-treat-atherosclerosis-and-cad/

 

Hypertriglyceridemia concurrent Hyperlipidemia: Vertical Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation a Better Test to Prevent Undertreatment of High-Risk Cardiac Patients

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/04/04/hypertriglyceridemia-concurrent-hyperlipidemia-vertical-density-gradient-ultracentrifugation-a-better-test-to-prevent-undertreatment-of-high-risk-cardiac-patients/

 

Fight against Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Biologics not a Small Molecule – Recombinant Human lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (rhLCAT) attracted AstraZeneca to acquire AlphaCore

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/04/03/fight-against-atherosclerotic-cardiovascular-disease-a-biologics-not-a-small-molecule-recombinant-human-lecithin-cholesterol-acyltransferase-rhlcat-attracted-astrazeneca-to-acquire-alphacore/

 

High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL): An Independent Predictor of Endothelial Function & Atherosclerosis, A Modulator, An Agonist, A Biomarker for Cardiovascular Risk

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/03/31/high-density-lipoprotein-hdl-an-independent-predictor-of-endothelial-function-artherosclerosis-a-modulator-an-agonist-a-biomarker-for-cardiovascular-risk/ 

 

Genomics & Genetics of Cardiovascular Disease Diagnoses: A Literature Survey of AHA’s Circulation Cardiovascular Genetics, 3/2010 – 3/2013

Curators: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN and Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/03/07/genomics-genetics-of-cardiovascular-disease-diagnoses-a-literature-survey-of-ahas-circulation-cardiovascular-genetics-32010-32013/

 

The Heart: Vasculature Protection – A Concept-based Pharmacological Therapy including THYMOSIN

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/02/28/the-heart-vasculature-protection-a-concept-based-pharmacological-therapy-including-thymosin/

 

Thymosin References

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/02/27/thymosin-references/

 

Arteriogenesis and Cardiac Repair: Two Biomaterials – Injectable Thymosin beta4 and Myocardial Matrix Hydrogel

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/02/27/arteriogenesis-and-cardiac-repair-two-biomaterials-injectable-thymosin-beta4-and-myocardial-matrix-hydrogel/

 

PCI Outcomes, Increased Ischemic Risk associated with Elevated Plasma Fibrinogen not Platelet Reactivity

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/01/10/pci-outcomes-increased-ischemic-risk-associated-with-elevated-plasma-fibrinogen-not-platelet-reactivity/

 

Heart Renewal by pre-existing Cardiomyocytes: Source of New Heart Cell Growth Discovered

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/12/23/heart-renewal-by-pre-existing-cardiomyocytes-source-of-new-heart-cell-growth-discovered/

 

Special Considerations in Blood Lipoproteins, Viscosity, Assessment and Treatment

Curators: Larry H. Bernstein and Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/11/28/special-considerations-in-blood-lipoproteins-viscosity-assessment-and-treatment/

 

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR-gamma) Receptors Activation: PPARγ transrepression for Angiogenesis in Cardiovascular Disease and PPARγ transactivation for Treatment of Diabetes

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/11/13/peroxisome-proliferator-activated-receptor-ppar-gamma-receptors-activation-pparγ-transrepression-for-angiogenesis-in-cardiovascular-disease-and-pparγ-transactivation-for-treatment-of-dia/

 

Cardiovascular Risk Inflammatory Marker: Risk Assessment for Coronary Heart Disease and Ischemic Stroke – Atherosclerosis.

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/10/30/cardiovascular-risk-inflammatory-marker-risk-assessment-for-coronary-heart-disease-and-ischemic-stroke-atherosclerosis/

 

Clinical Trials Results for Endothelin System: Pathophysiological role in Chronic Heart Failure, Acute Coronary Syndromes and MI – Marker of Disease Severity or Genetic Determination?

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/10/19/clinical-trials-results-for-endothelin-system-pathophysiological-role-in-chronic-heart-failure-acute-coronary-syndromes-and-mi-marker-of-disease-severity-or-genetic-determination/

 

Sustained Cardiac Atrial Fibrillation: Management Strategies by Director of the Arrhythmia Service and Electrophysiology Lab at The Johns Hopkins Hospital

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/10/16/sustained-cardiac-atrial-fibrillation-management-strategies-by-director-of-the-arrhythmia-service-and-electrophysiology-lab-at-the-johns-hopkins-hospital/

 

Endothelin Receptors in Cardiovascular Diseases: The Role of eNOS Stimulation

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/10/04/endothelin-receptors-in-cardiovascular-diseases-the-role-of-enos-stimulation/

 

Inhibition of ET-1, ETA and ETA-ETB, Induction of NO production, stimulation of eNOS and Treatment Regime with PPAR-gamma agonists (TZD): cEPCs Endogenous Augmentation for Cardiovascular Risk Reduction – A Bibliography

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/10/04/inhibition-of-et-1-eta-and-eta-etb-induction-of-no-production-and-stimulation-of-enos-and-treatment-regime-with-ppar-gamma-agonists-tzd-cepcs-endogenous-augmentation-for-cardiovascular-risk-reduc/

Positioning a Therapeutic Concept for Endogenous Augmentation of cEPCs — Therapeutic Indications for Macrovascular Disease: Coronary, Cerebrovascular and Peripheral

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/08/29/positioning-a-therapeutic-concept-for-endogenous-augmentation-of-cepcs-therapeutic-indications-for-macrovascular-disease-coronary-cerebrovascular-and-peripheral/ 

 

Cardiovascular Outcomes: Function of circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells (cEPCs): Exploring Pharmaco-therapy targeted at Endogenous Augmentation of cEPCs

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/08/28/cardiovascular-outcomes-function-of-circulating-endothelial-progenitor-cells-cepcs-exploring-pharmaco-therapy-targeted-at-endogenous-augmentation-of-cepcs/

 

Endothelial Dysfunction, Diminished Availability of cEPCs, Increasing CVD Risk for Macrovascular Disease – Therapeutic Potential of cEPCs

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/08/27/endothelial-dysfunction-diminished-availability-of-cepcs-increasing-cvd-risk-for-macrovascular-disease-therapeutic-potential-of-cepcs/

 

Vascular Medicine and Biology: Classification of Fast Acting Therapy for Patients at High Risk for Macrovascular Events – Macrovascular Disease – Therapeutic Potential of cEPCs

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/08/24/vascular-medicine-and-biology-classification-of-fast-acting-therapy-for-patients-at-high-risk-for-macrovascular-events-macrovascular-disease-therapeutic-potential-of-cepcs/

 

 

Ethical Considerations in Studying Drug Safety — The Institute of Medicine Report

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/08/23/ethical-considerations-in-studying-drug-safety-the-institute-of-medicine-report/

 

Cardiac Arrhythmias: A Risk for Extreme Performance Athletes

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/08/08/cardiac-arrhythmias-a-risk-for-extreme-performance-athletes/

 

Biosimilars: Intellectual Property Creation and Protection by Pioneer and by Biosimilar Manufacturers

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/07/30/biosimilars-intellectual-property-creation-and-protection-by-pioneer-and-by-biosimilar-manufacturers/

 

Biosimilars: Financials 2012 vs. 2008

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/07/30/biosimilars-financials-2012-vs-2008/

 

Biosimilars: CMC Issues and Regulatory Requirements

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/07/29/biosimilars-cmc-issues-and-regulatory-requirements/

 

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) and the Role of agent alternatives in endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) Activation and Nitric Oxide Production

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/07/19/cardiovascular-disease-cvd-and-the-role-of-agent-alternatives-in-endothelial-nitric-oxide-synthase-enos-activation-and-nitric-oxide-production/

 

Resident-cell-based Therapy in Human Ischaemic Heart Disease: Evolution in the PROMISE of Thymosin beta4 for Cardiac Repair

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/04/30/93/

 

Triple Antihypertensive Combination Therapy Significantly Lowers Blood Pressure in Hard-to-Treat Patients with Hypertension and Diabetes

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/05/29/445/

 

Macrovascular Disease – Therapeutic Potential of cEPCs: Reduction Methods for CV Risk

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/07/02/macrovascular-disease-therapeutic-potential-of-cepcs-reduction-methods-for-cv-risk/

 

Mitochondria Dysfunction and Cardiovascular Disease – Mitochondria: More than just the “powerhouse of the cell”

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/07/09/mitochondria-more-than-just-the-powerhouse-of-the-cell/

 

Bystolic’s generic Nebivolol – positive effect on circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells endogenous augmentation

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN 

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/07/16/bystolics-generic-nebivolol-positive-effect-on-circulating-endothilial-progrnetor-cells-endogenous-augmentation/

Lev-Ari, A. Heart Vasculature (2007) Regeneration and Protection of Coronary Artery Endothelium and Smooth Muscle: A Concept-based Pharmacological Therapy of a Combined Three Drug Regimen.

Bouve College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115

 

Lev-Ari, A. & Abourjaily, P. (2006a) “An Investigation of the Potential of circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells (cEPC) as a Therapeutic Target for Pharmacologic Therapy Design for Cardiovascular Risk Reduction.”

  • Part I: Macrovascular Disease – Therapeutic Potential of cEPCs – Reduction methods for CV risk.
  • Part II:(2006b) Therapeutic Strategy for cEPCs Endogenous Augmentation: A Concept-based Treatment Protocol for a Combined Three Drug Regimen.
  • Part III: (2006c)Biomarker for Therapeutic Targets of Cardiovascular Risk Reduction by cEPCs Endogenous Augmentation using New Combination Drug Therapy of Three Drug Classes and Several Drug Indications.

Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115

 

Curator: Medical Research – 557 articles in Books

Editorial & Publication of Articles in e-Books by Leaders in Pharmaceutical Business Intelligence: Contributions of Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/10/16/editorial-publication-of-articles-in-e-books-by-leaders-in-pharmaceutical-business-intelligence-contributions-of-aviva-lev-ari-phd-rn/

 

 

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Predictions on Biotech Sector’s Two-year Boom

Posted in Advanced Drug Manufacturing Technology, Alzheimer's Disease, BioSimilars, CANCER BIOLOGY & Innovations in Cancer Therapy, Cardiovascular Pharmacogenomics, Computational Biology/Systems and Bioinformatics, FDA Regulatory Affairs, Frontiers in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Disorders, Genome Biology, Genomic Testing: Methodology for Diagnosis, Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Healthcare Reform, Intellectual Property, Innovations, Commercialization, Investment in technological breakthrough, International Global Work in Pharmaceutical, Personalized and Precision Medicine & Genomic Research, Pharmaceutical Industry Competitive Intelligence, Pharmaceutical R&D Investment, Pharmacogenomics, Population Health Management, Genetics & Pharmaceutical, Regulated Clinical Trials: Design, Methods, Components and IRB related issues, Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine, Technology Transfer: Biotech and Pharmaceutical, Translational Science on March 27, 2014| Leave a Comment »

Predictions on Biotech Sector’s Two-year Boom

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

 

This article has the following FOUR parts:

  • New Trends in Organization of Pharmaceutical & Genomics R&D
  • The Top 5 Dividend-Paying Pharmaceutical Stocks
  • How 2014 Business Climate will Impact Biotech Companies?
  • New Trends in BioTechnology & Medicine

 

In Forbes, 3/27/2014, Matthew Herper concluded: “investors should avoid thinking that the drug business has undergone a fundamental change in the past few years. It hasn’t.”

http://www.forbes.com/sites/matthewherper/2014/03/27/three-misplaced-assumptions-that-could-end-the-biotech-boom/

New Trends in Organization of Pharmaceutical & Genomics R&D

 

At Sachs Associates Conference in NYC on 3/19, these very changes were discussed as the following article presents the EXCHANGE among Biotech CEOs, Venture Capitalists, Big Pharma, Private and Public Universities, Govermental Agencies, For Profit Foundations and Not for Profit Foundations. 

REAL TIME Cancer Conference Coverage: A Novel Methodology for Authentic Reporting on Presentations and Discussions launched via Twitter.com @ The 2nd ANNUAL Sachs Cancer Bio Partnering & Investment Forum in Drug Development, 19th March 2014 • New York Academy of Sciences • USA

The Business Climate change is occurring as Big Pharma companies realize that it is a MUST to collaborate on R&D with agents of innovations representing “Not-invented-Here-Technologies.”  

In the coming years the further emerging changes in the landscape of Big Pharma and Biotech R&D, Translational Medicine and Commercialization of innovation aka Transfer of technologies will intensity and will involve multiple agencies, such as the emergence of a SEAMLESS lab development reality and new types of scientific interactions cross institutional and among multiple contributing independent entities i.e., Big Pharma, Private and Public Universities, Govermental Agencies, For Profit Foundations and Not for Profit Foundations. 

The Top 5 Dividend-Paying Pharmaceutical Stocks

 

For decades, buying shares of such franchise players as Coca-Cola, Johnson & Johnson, Altria and General Electric have been great dividend-paying stock plays.

In the current market, I like pharmaceutical stocks because the largest have become virtual cash machines. The dividends offer a protection against dramatic drops in share price. In addition to Pfizer…

  • Johnson & Johnson (NYSE: JNJ) yields 2.6%
  • Novartis (NYSE: NVS) yields 2.6%
  • Glaxosmithkline (NYSE: GSK) yields 4.4%
  • And Eli Lilly (NYSE: LLY) yields 4.0%.

All these are outstanding yields for growing firms. Pfizer grew revenue 9.4% last quarter. JNJ grew 8.7%, Novartis grew 14.7%, Glaxo grew 3.5% and Lilly grew 11.20% in the last quarter.

While a number of these drug firms have been under pressure from market perceptions of slow growth, shallow pipelines of new drugs and patent expirations, these negatives are already priced into the shares.

SOURCE

http://www.investmentu.com/article/detail/3099/dividend-paying-stocks-2#.UzRrbBy7Rwg

How 2014 Business Climate will Impact Biotech Companies?

 

This week’s 10% drop in the Nasdaq iShares’ Biotechnology Index — not to mention the fact that biotech stocks, after a torrid two years, are up less than 4% year-to-date — has investors worrying that the sector’s two-year boom is over.

Investors should avoid thinking that the drug business has undergone a fundamental change in the past few years. It hasn’t, said Matthew Herper, below.

BioTech Sector

The Nasdaq iShares Biotechnology Index, by YCharts

Matthew Herper in his Forbes article Biotech Stocks: Seeing Rainbows, Missing The Rain  presents

a critical view regarding the Optimism expressed about the Biotech Sector in the follwoing Three points:

1. We have not reversed the decline in R&D productivity. We probably haven’t even slowed it.

Celgene’s success has come through drugs derived from its original success, repurposing thalidomide as a treatment for multiple myeloma and from Abraxane, an improved version of the 1990s cancer drug Taxol. Biogen’s big hit, Tecfidera for multiple sclerosis, is a new formulation of a drug that had been used to treat psoriasis in Germany. 

Porges points out that Celgene is now betting on a new first-in-class molecule, sotatercept. And Biogen’s big event this year will be data for its anti-LINGO program, which is a brand new way to treat multiple sclerosis. He says Alexion and Vertex are likely facing longer odds than they have in the past. Drug research: it’s really, really hard.

2. The FDA is not fundamentally friendlier to companies than it was in the past.

Novo Nordisk found itself years behind competitors because the FDA insists on a heart safety study of its new insulin. Amarin and Omthera, both makers of fish oil pills, both told investors the FDA said it would allow them to market their products to a broader population if they started big studies to prove the pills prevent heart attacks and strokes; then the FDA apparently changed its mind.FDA’s goal was to “avoid accountability for its role in the Avandia tragedy.” – Avandia got back on the Market.

3. Pricing Power May Not Last Forever

Matthew Herper writes: “Fears surrounding Congressional noise about the high price of Gilead’s Sovaldi for hepatitis C seem to have started the current drop in stock prices.”

Cystic Fibrosis drug Kalydeco, saying it won’t pay the full price of $307,000 per patient per year.

Joseph Jimenez, the CEO of Novartis,foresees governments become much tougher negotiators, forcing drug companies to become much more focused of providing services along with their medicines.

http://www.forbes.com/sites/matthewherper/2014/03/27/three-misplaced-assumptions-that-could-end-the-biotech-boom/

The Well Positioned Biotech Companies

Regeneron and partner Sanofi have several potential blockbusters in their shared pipeline, including not only their PCSK9 cholesterol drug but medicines for rheumatoid arthritis and asthma.

Gilead’s Sovaldi has a medicine that seems likely to have some of the best annual sales ever,  has got to be worth something

Vertex’s combination therapy for cystic fibrosis could show positive results later this year.

New Trends in BioTechnology & Medicine

1. Genomics Research

Lev-Ari, A. 3/25/2014. Evaluate your Cas9 Gene Editing Vectors: CRISPR/Cas Mediated Genome Engineering – Is your CRISPR gRNA optimized for your cell lines?

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/03/25/evaluate-your-cas9-gene-editing-vectors-crisprcas-mediated-genome-engineering-is-your-crispr-grna-optimized-for-your-cell-lines/

Genomics Orientations for Individualized Medicine. Volume One in Series B: Frontiers in Genomics Research

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/biomed-e-books/genomics-orientations-for-personalized-medicine/

2. Cancer Research

Cancer Biology and Genomics for Disease Diagnosis. Volume One in Series C: e-Books on Cancer & Oncology

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/biomed-e-books/series-c-e-books-on-cancer-oncology/cancer-biology-and-genomics-for-disease-diagnosis/

Bernstein, H Larry, 3/26/2014. A Synthesis of the Beauty and Complexity of How We View Cancer

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/03/26/a-synthesis-of-the-beauty-and-complexity-of-how-we-view-cancer/

3. Alzheimers’ Disease

2014 Seven Laureates of Dan David Prize – 1Million US$ each for Outstanding Scientific, Technological, Cultural, or Social Achievements Having an Impact on Our World

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/03/26/2014-seven-laureates-of-dan-david-prize-1million-us-each-for-outstanding-scientific-technological-cultural-or-social-achievements-having-an-impact-on-our-world/

3. Cardiovascular

Etiologies of Cardiovascular Diseases: Epigenetics, Genetics and Genomics. Volume Three in Series A: e-Books on Cardiovascular Diseases

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/biomed-e-books/series-a-e-books-on-cardiovascular-diseases/volume-three-etiologies-of-cardiovascular-diseases-epigenetics-genetics-genomics/

4. Biologicals

Lev-Ari, A. 4/3/2013 Fight against Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Biologics not a Small Molecule – Recombinant Human lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (rhLCAT) attracted AstraZeneca to acquire AlphaCore

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/04/03/fight-against-atherosclerotic-cardiovascular-disease-a-biologics-not-a-small-molecule-recombinant-human-lecithin-cholesterol-acyltransferase-rhlcat-attracted-astrazeneca-to-acquire-alphacore/

Lev-Ari, A. 7/30/2012 Biosimilars: Intellectual Property Creation and Protection by Pioneer and by Biosimilar Manufacturers

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/07/30/biosimilars-intellectual-property-creation-and-protection-by-pioneer-and-by-biosimilar-manufacturers/

Lev-Ari, A. 7/29/2012 Biosimilars: Financials 2012 vs. 2008

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/07/30/biosimilars-financials-2012-vs-2008/

Lev-Ari, A. 7/29/2012 Biosimilars: CMC Issues and Regulatory Requirements

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/07/29/biosimilars-cmc-issues-and-regulatory-requirements/

 

 

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FDA ask Regeneron and Sanofi to assess potential Neurocognitive Side Effects of Alirocumab, PCSK9 inhibitors Class Designed to Block a Protein causing Persistence of “bad” LDL Cholesterol in the Bloodstream

Posted in Atherogenic Processes & Pathology, Biomarkers & Medical Diagnostics, Cardiovascular Pharmacogenomics, Chemical Biology and its relations to Metabolic Disease, Chemical Genetics, FDA Regulatory Affairs, Frontiers in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Disorders, Genome Biology, Origins of Cardiovascular Disease, PCSK9 Inhibitor Therapy, Pharmacotherapy of Cardiovascular Disease on March 7, 2014| Leave a Comment »

FDA ask Regeneron and Sanofi to assess potential Neurocognitive Side Effects of Alirocumab, PCSK9 inhibitors Class Designed to Block a Protein causing Persistence of “bad” LDL Cholesterol in the Bloodstream

Reporter & Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

UPDATED on 3/23/2016

PCSK9 inhibitor, Praluent, shows promise in late-stage study in reducing the frequency of apheresis therapy, Sanofi and Regeneron report. (Reuters) But, a bigger issue may beAmgen’s victory in a suit claiming Sanofi and Regeneron infringed on patents held by Amgen for Repatha, its PCSK9 entry. (Fierce Pharma)

http://www.medpagetoday.com/Cardiology/Dyslipidemia/56880?xid=NL_breakingnews_2016-03-23&eun=g99985d0r

Updated on 7/27/2015

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2015/07/27/praluent-fda-approved-as-cholesterol-lowering-medicine-for-patient-non-responsive-to-statin-due-to-genetic-origin-of-hypercholesterolemia/ 

Genomics discoveries related to PCSK9 — indications for drug discovery

SNPs in apoE are found to influence statin response significantly. Less frequent variants in PCSK9 and smaller effect sizes in SNPs in HMGCR
Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RNhttp://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/01/02/snps-in-apoe-are-found-to-influence-statin-response-significantly-less-frequent-variants-in-pcsk9-and-smaller-effect-sizes-in-snps-in-hmgcr/

Two Mutations, in the PCSK9 Gene: Eliminates a Protein involved in Controlling LDL Cholesterol

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/04/15/two-mutations-in-a-pcsk9-gene-eliminates-a-protein-involve-in-controlling-ldl-cholesterol/

Voice from the Cleveland Clinic: On the New Lipid Guidelines and On the ACC/AHA Risk Calculator

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/01/21/voices-from-the-cleveland-clinic-on-the-new-lipid-guidelines-and-on-the-accaha-risk-calculator/

U.S. FDA asks Sanofi, Regeneron to assess cholesterol drug’s cognitive risks

Reuters

3 hours ago

March 7 (Reuters) – The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has asked Regeneron and Sanofi to assess potential neurocognitive side effects of their experimental cholesterol drug, Sanofi said in its annual report on Friday.

The regulatory filing sent shares of Regeneron down 6 percent in Nasdaq trading. U.S.-listed shares of France-based Sanofi were down 1 percent.

Their drug, alirocumab, is part of a new class known as PCSK9 inhibitors designed to block a protein that maintains “bad” LDL cholesterol in the bloodstream.

Pfizer and Amgen are also in the late stages of developing PCSK9 drugs.

Pfizer said in an emailed statement that it has not received a similar request from the FDA. “At this stage of our bococizumab development program, we are not aware of any neurocognitive safety signals,” the company said.

Officials at Amgen did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

Sanofi’s report echoed a filing made by Regeneron last month, in which the company said the FDA advised it was aware of adverse neurocognitive effects associated with PCSK9 inhibitors.

The FDA and Regeneron did not immediately respond to requests for comment.

The companies said they did not know how the FDA learned of the potential side effects, and they were not aware of any such side effects with alirocumab.

Rare issues such as memory loss, impaired concentration, and paranoia have been associated with the use of statins for lowering LDL cholesterol.

Statins, such as AstraZeneca’s Crestor and generic forms of Pfizer’s Lipitor, are the most widely used cholesterol-lowering treatments and work by blocking the liver’s production of LDL cholesterol.

“While we continue to believe the PCSK9 class has multi-billion dollar potential, we note that increased speculation on adverse events may increase the probability that the FDA could require outcomes data prior to full approval,” JP Morgan analyst Geoff Meacham said in a research note.

The FDA said last year that PCSK9 drugs could get regulatory approval based on their ability to lower bad cholesterol, and may not need to show that they reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke.

In their filings, Sanofi and Regeneron said that if studies detect neurocognitive or other adverse side effects, development of alirocumab could fail or be delayed.

SOURCE

http://finance.yahoo.com/news/u-fda-asks-sanofi-regeneron-204621652.html

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Human Longevity Inc (HLI) – $70M in Financing of Venter’s New Integrative Omics and Clinical Bioinformatics

Posted in Biological Networks, Gene Regulation and Evolution, Biomarkers & Medical Diagnostics, Biomedical Measurement Science, Cardiovascular Pharmacogenomics, Chemical Genetics, Competition in regenerative stem cell science, Computational Biology/Systems and Bioinformatics, Curation, Genome Biology, Genomic Testing: Methodology for Diagnosis, Intellectual Property, Innovations, Commercialization, Investment in technological breakthrough, International Global Work in Pharmaceutical, Interviews with Scientific Leaders, Personalized and Precision Medicine & Genomic Research, Pharmaceutical Analytics, Pharmaceutical R&D Investment, Pharmacogenomics, Population Health Management, Genetics & Pharmaceutical, Proteomics, Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Reproductive Andrology, Embryology, Genomic Endocrinology, Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis and Reproductive Genomics, Scientist: Career considerations, Statistical Methods for Research Evaluation, Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine, Technology Transfer: Biotech and Pharmaceutical, Translational Effectiveness, Translational Research, Translational Science on March 5, 2014| Leave a Comment »

Human Longevity Inc (HLI) – $70M in Financing of Venter’s New Integrative Omics and Clinical Bioinformatics

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

Article ID #121: Human Longevity Inc (HLI) – $70M in Financing of Venter’s New Integrative Omics and Clinical Bioinformatics. Published on 3/5/14

WordCloud Image Produced by Adam Tubman

Venter’s New Integrative Omics and Clinical Data Analysis Firm Lands $70M in Financing

March 04, 2014

NEW YORK (GenomeWeb News) – J. Craig Venter today unveiled a new company called Human Longevity Inc. that will combine human genome, microbiome, and metabolome data coupled with clinical information to fuel development of new diagnostics, therapeutics, and stem cell treatments for diseases related to aging.

In a media briefing today, Venter said the company will “change the way medicine is practiced,” and will spearhead “a shift to a more preventive, genomic-based medicine model” that can lead to longer, healthier lives and lower healthcare costs.

Using $70 million in Series A financing, HLI initially plans to conduct genome, microbiome, and tumor sequencing on patients from the University of California, San Diego Moores Cancer Center and use their clinical phenotype and metabolomics data to create a massive database, Venter explained in a media briefing. HLI said the financing came from a small group of private investors. Though it didn’t disclose the names of those investors, The New York Times reported today that Illumina was among the backers.

Venter said the initial financing should keep the company going for about 18 months. HLI is building a long-term facility in San Diego that will be completed in about a year, Venter said, and it is currently in temporary facilities.

The firm plans to license data and knowledge to pharmaceutical and biotechnology firms and universities for their own research programs, while developing new therapeutics and diagnostics and providing sequencing services.

The company has already bought two Illumina HiSeq X Ten Sequencing Systems, and has inked an option to buy three more. It plans to sequence up to 40,000 human genomes per year initially and ramp up to 100,000 per year. HLI said it will conduct the first clinical project to include germ line, human genome, and tumor genome sequencing, along with a range of other types of information from each patient.

As part of its efforts, HLI has struck an agreement with Metabolon, under which the NC-based firm will provide biochemical profiling of the genomic samples that HLI collects.

Venter is co-founder, executive chairman and CEO of HLI, which also has agreed to a research services collaboration with the J. Craig Venter Institute, of which he is founder and CEO. That alliance will cover proteomics, infectious disease diagnostics, and the human microbiome.

The company said that it will tackle cancer first. Every patient at the UCSD Moores Cancer Center will have the opportunity to have their genome, microbiome, and tumors sequenced and analyzed as part of their treatment, said Venter. Other diseases of interest include diabetes, obesity, heart and liver diseases, and dementia.

Venter noted that 13 years ago it cost around $100 million and took nine months to sequence his genome, but now that cost has dropped to around $1,000 per genome.

“We are scaling up to do tens of thousands of genomes in the same time frame that it took to do one,” he said.

Through its agreement with HLI, Metabolon will characterize 2,400 chemicals in the bloodstream of 10,000 of the initial patients.

Venter said HLI plans to try to layer “the chemical data with the microbiome data, the human genome data, and most importantly the human phenotype data. We will be importing clinical records of every individual we are sequencing, so this will be one of the largest data studies in the history of science and medicine.”

“Hopefully,” Venter said, within 10 years HLI will “have data from half a million to a million human genomes, and the phenotype data, clinical data, and outcome data associated with that.”

“I view this as just the beginning, a starting point of this new field that some of us have been waiting for for a very long time, following on the first human genome 13 years ago,” he said.

Among Venter’s ventures is Synthetic Genomics, a genomics and synthetic biology firm of which he is a co-founder, chairman, CEO, and co-CSO. Though HLI didn’t say specifically that it would collaborate with Synthetic Genomics, according to a FAQ sheet on its website, it plans to use “synthetic biology advances to repair and repopulate a patient’s depleted and degraded stem cell population, returning those cells to a more healthy and youthful state.”

In addition to Venter, HLI’s two other co-founders are Peter Diamandis, chairman and CEO of the X Prize Foundation and co-founder and executive chairman of Singularity University, and stem cell biology researcher and entrepreneur Robert Hariri, who also will serve as company vice chairman.

J Craig Venter wants to digitize DNA and transmit the signal to teleport organisms

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/11/01/j-craig-venter-wants-to-digitize-dna-and-transmit-the-signal-to-teleport-organisms/

Life Sciences Circle Event: Next omics – Personalized Medicine beyond Genomics, December 11, 2013 5:30-8:30PM, The Broad Institute, Cambridge

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/11/18/life-sciences-circle-event-next-omics-personalized-medicine-beyond-genomics-december-11-2013-530-830pm-the-broad-institute-cambridge/

2013 Genomics: The Era Beyond the Sequencing of the Human Genome: Francis Collins, Craig Venter, Eric Lander, et al.

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/02/11/2013-genomics-the-era-beyond-the-sequencing-human-genome-francis-collins-craig-venter-eric-lander-et-al/

Synthetic Biology: On Advanced Genome Interpretation for Gene Variants and Pathways: What is the Genetic Base of Atherosclerosis and Loss of Arterial Elasticity with Aging

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/05/17/synthetic-biology-on-advanced-genome-interpretation-for-gene-variants-and-pathways-what-is-the-genetic-base-of-atherosclerosis-and-loss-of-arterial-elasticity-with-aging/

Scientific Innovation: as Influenced by Academia, Publishing Requirements and the Academic Publishing Industry

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/03/05/scientific-innovation-as-influenced-by-academia-publishing-requirements-and-the-academic-publishing-industry/

Fourth Annual QPrize Competition to Fund the World’s Next Groundbreaking Startups by Qualcomm Ventures

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/02/09/fourth-annual-qprize-competition-to-fund-the-worlds-next-groundbreaking-startups-by-qualcomm-ventures/

Cancer Genomics – Leading the Way by Cancer Genomics Program at UC Santa Cruz

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/10/29/cancer-genomics-leading-the-way-by-cancer-genomics-program-at-uc-santa-cruz/

Research Paradigm Shift in Human Genomics – Predictive Biomarkers and Personalized Medicine

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/01/13/paradigm-shift-in-human-genomics-predictive-biomarkers-and-personalized-medicine-part-1/

LEADERS in the Competitive Space of Genome Sequencing of Genetic Mutations for Therapeutic Drug Selection in Cancer Personalized Treatment

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/01/13/leaders-in-genome-sequencing-of-genetic-mutations-for-therapeutic-drug-selection-in-cancer-personalized-treatment-part-2/

Personalized Medicine: An Institute Profile – Coriell Institute for Medical Research

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/01/13/personalized-medicine-an-institute-profile-coriell-institute-for-medical-research-part-3/

The Consumer Market for Personal DNA Sequencing

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/01/13/consumer-market-for-personal-dna-sequencing-part-4/

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