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Archive for the ‘Pharmacotherapy of Cardiovascular Disease’ Category

Protected: Analysis of Cardio-Electrical Synchronization of In vitro Cultured Stem Cells

Posted in Electrophysiology, Frontiers in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Disorders, Genome Biology, Personalized and Precision Medicine & Genomic Research, Resident-cell-based, Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine, tagged Cardio-Electrical Synchronization of In vitro Cultured Stem Cells on September 23, 2014|

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FDA Advisory votes against approving Actavis nebivolol/valsartan combo – The Pharma Letter

Posted in HTN, Pharmacotherapy of Cardiovascular Disease on September 12, 2014| Leave a Comment »

FDA Advisory votes against approving Actavis nebivolol/valsartan combo – The Pharma Letter

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

Bidness ETC FDA Advisory votes against approving Actavis nebivolol/valsartan combo The Pharma Letter Nebivolol (marketed in the USA as Bystolic by Actavis subsidiary Forest Labs) is indicated for the treatment of hypertension and is effective at…

Source: www.thepharmaletter.com

See on Scoop.it – Cardiotoxicity

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Fractional Flow Reserve–Guided PCI vs Drug Therapy for Stable Coronary Artery Disease

Posted in Atherogenic Processes & Pathology, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures, Cardiovascular Research, Frontiers in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Disorders, Medical Devices R&D and Inventions, Medical Imaging Technology, Medical Imaging Technology, Image Processing/Computing, MRI, CT, Nuclear Medicine, Ultra Sound, Origins of Cardiovascular Disease, PCI, Pharmacotherapy of Cardiovascular Disease on September 4, 2014| Leave a Comment »

Fractional Flow Reserve–Guided PCI vs Drug Therapy for Stable Coronary Artery Disease

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

Fractional Flow Reserve–Guided PCI for Stable Coronary Artery Disease

Bernard De Bruyne, M.D., Ph.D., William F. Fearon, M.D., Nico H.J. Pijls, M.D., Ph.D., Emanuele Barbato, M.D., Ph.D., Pim Tonino, M.D., Ph.D., Zsolt Piroth, M.D., Nikola Jagic, M.D., Sven Mobius-Winckler, M.D., Gilles Riouffol, M.D., Ph.D., Nils Witt, M.D., Ph.D., Petr Kala, M.D., Philip MacCarthy, M.D., Thomas Engström, M.D., Keith Oldroyd, M.D., Kreton Mavromatis, M.D., Ganesh Manoharan, M.D., Peter Verlee, M.D., Ole Frobert, M.D., Nick Curzen, B.M., Ph.D., Jane B. Johnson, R.N., B.S.N., Andreas Limacher, Ph.D., Eveline Nüesch, Ph.D., and Peter Jüni, M.D. for the FAME 2 Trial Investigators

September 1, 2014DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1408758

BACKGROUND

We hypothesized that in patients with stable coronary artery disease and stenosis, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) performed on the basis of the fractional flow reserve (FFR) would be superior to medical therapy.

Full Text of Background…

METHODS

In 1220 patients with stable coronary artery disease, we assessed the FFR in all stenoses that were visible on angiography. Patients who had at least one stenosis with an FFR of 0.80 or less were randomly assigned to undergo FFR-guided PCI plus medical therapy or to receive medical therapy alone. Patients in whom all stenoses had an FFR of more than 0.80 received medical therapy alone and were included in a registry. The primary end point was a composite of death from any cause, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or urgent revascularization within 2 years.

Full Text of Methods…

RESULTS

The rate of the primary end point was significantly lower in the PCI group than in the medical-therapy group (8.1% vs. 19.5%; hazard ratio, 0.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.26 to 0.57; P<0.001). This reduction was driven by a lower rate of urgent revascularization in the PCI group (4.0% vs. 16.3%; hazard ratio, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.14 to 0.38; P<0.001), with no significant between-group differences in the rates of death and myocardial infarction. Urgent revascularizations that were triggered by myocardial infarction or ischemic changes on electrocardiography were less frequent in the PCI group (3.4% vs. 7.0%, P=0.01). In a landmark analysis, the rate of death or myocardial infection from 8 days to 2 years was lower in the PCI group than in the medical-therapy group (4.6% vs. 8.0%, P=0.04). Among registry patients, the rate of the primary end point was 9.0% at 2 years.

Full Text of Results…

CONCLUSIONS

In patients with stable coronary artery disease, FFR-guided PCI, as compared with medical therapy alone, improved the outcome. Patients without ischemia had a favorable outcome with medical therapy alone. (Funded by St. Jude Medical; FAME 2 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01132495.)

SOURCE

http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1408758?query=TOC

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United States Department of Justice closed investigation into AstraZeneca’s PLATO, Clinical Trial with Brilinta (ticagrelor)

Posted in Coagulation Therapy and Internal Bleeding, FDA Regulatory Affairs, Frontiers in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Disorders, Pharmacotherapy of Cardiovascular Disease on September 3, 2014| Leave a Comment »

United States Department of Justice closed investigation into AstraZeneca’s PLATO, Clinical Trial with Brilinta (ticagrelor)

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

UPDATED on 7/8/2021

Prasugrel outperforms ticagrelor among PCI patients

Michael Walter | June 30, 2021 | Vascular & Endovascular

Prasugrel is associated with better outcomes than ticagrelor when treating acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), according to new findings published in JAMA Cardiology.

The study’s authors evaluated data from the ISAR-REACT 5 trial, focusing on more than 3,000 patients presenting with ACS and treated with PCI from September 2013 to February 2018. The primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction and stroke after one full year. Its safety endpoint was Bleeding Academic Researching Consortium (BARC) type three to five bleeding.

“This analysis is, to our knowledge, the first study to directly compare outcomes between ticagrelor-based and prasugrel-based strategies in patients with ACS who are treated with PCI,” wrote lead author J. J. Coughlan, MB, BCh, a specialist at the Technical University of Munich in Germany, and colleagues. “The PCI procedure for these patients reflected contemporary practice with new-generation drug-eluting stents.”

While 1,676 patients with a mean age of 64.4 years old received ticagrelor, 1,701 patients with a mean age of 64.7 years old received prasugrel. Overall, the study’s primary endpoint occurred in 9.8% of patients from the ticagrelor group and 7.1% of the prasugrel group. Myocardial infarctions were observed in 5.3% of the ticagrelor group and 3.8% of the prasugrel group. The study’s safety endpoint occurred in 5.3% of patients from the ticagrelor group and 4.9% of the prasugrel group.

“Overall, these data support the preference for a prasugrel-based strategy vs a ticagrelor-based strategy in patients presenting with ACS who are treated with PCI,” the authors concluded. “Because these observations are based on a post-randomization subgroup, these findings should be regarded as hypothesis generating, and dedicated randomized clinical trials may be warranted to confirm these findings.”

Click here for the full analysis.

SOURCE

https://www.cardiovascularbusiness.com/topics/vascular-endovascular/prasugrel-outperforms-ticagrelor-pci-patients?utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=cvb_news

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE CLOSES INVESTIGATION INTO PLATO CLINICAL TRIAL FOR BRILINTA

August 19, 2014

AstraZeneca today announced that it has received confirmation from the United States Department of Justice that it is closing its investigation into PLATO, a clinical trial with Brilinta (ticagrelor). The government is not planning any further action.

Pascal Soriot, Chief Executive Officer, said: “We welcome the Department of Justice’s decision not to pursue further action. We have always had absolute confidence in the integrity of the PLATO trial and we are proud of the important benefit Brilinta offers to patients around the world suffering from acute coronary syndrome. As one of AstraZeneca’s growth platforms, we are committed to delivering the full potential of this important medicine.”

AstraZeneca recently announced the start of the SOCRATES trial, studying Brilinta for patients with acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack, and the THEMIS study in patients with Type 2 diabetes and coronary atherosclerosis. These studies form part of PARTHENON, AstraZeneca’s largest ever clinical trial programme, involving more than 80,000 patients worldwide. The programme also includes two trials that have recently completed recruitment; EUCLID for patients with Peripheral Artery Disease and PEGASUS, studying Brilinta for secondary prevention in patients with previous myocardial infarction. Headline results for PEGASUS are expected in the first quarter of 2015.

In 2011, the US Food and Drug Administration approved Brilinta for the treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Brilinta has been approved by regulatory authorities in over 100 countries and is included in 11 major ACS treatment guidelines globally, including six established US treatment guidelines. The trial manuscript from the PLATO Executive Committee was first published in the New England Journal of Medicine. Following additional rigorous peer-review, over 30 PLATO sub-analyses articles have subsequently been published. The combination of these global reviews makes the PLATO data set one of the most widely analysed clinical trials.

– ENDS –

NOTES TO EDITORS

About the civil investigative demand

On 21 October 2013, AstraZeneca received a civil investigative demand from the US Department of Justice seeking documents and information related to the PLATO trial. AstraZeneca has cooperated with the government enquiry, which focused on questions that have been raised previously in public about the trial. Similar questions have been responded to by the independent PLATO Executive Committee which led the clinical trial.

About the PLATO trial

PLATO was a large (18,624 patients in 43 countries), head-to-head patient outcomes study of BRILINTA vs. clopidogrel, both given in combination with aspirin and other standard therapy. The trial was designed to establish whether BRILINTA plus aspirin could achieve a clinically meaningful reduction in cardiovascular (CV) events in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients, above and beyond that afforded by clopidogrel plus aspirin. Patients were treated for at least 6 months and up to 12 months.

BRILINTA plus aspirin has been proven clinically superior to clopidogrel plus aspirin, in reducing thrombotic CV events, including CV death, at 12 months, based on data from the PLATO trial.

About AstraZeneca

AstraZeneca is a global, innovation-driven biopharmaceutical business that focuses on the discovery, development and commercialisation of prescription medicines, primarily for the treatment of cardiovascular, metabolic, respiratory, inflammation, autoimmune, oncology, infection and neuroscience diseases. AstraZeneca operates in over 100 countries and its innovative medicines are used by millions of patients worldwide. For more information please visit: http://www.astrazeneca.com

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SOURCE

http://www.fiercepharma.com/press-releases/united-states-department-justice-closes-investigation-plato-clinical-trial

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Proteomics, Metabolomics, Signaling Pathways, and Cell Regulation: a Compilation of Articles in the Journal http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com

Posted in Biological Networks, Biomarkers & Medical Diagnostics, Biomedical Measurement Science, Calcium Signaling, CANCER BIOLOGY & Innovations in Cancer Therapy, Cardiovascular Research, Cell Biology, Chemical Biology and its relations to Metabolic Disease, Chemical Genetics, Coagulation Therapy and Internal Bleeding, Diabetes Mellitus, Disease Biology, FDA Regulatory Affairs, Frontiers in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Disorders, Gene Regulation and Evolution, Genetics & Pharmaceutical, Genome Biology, Genomic Expression, Genomic Testing: Methodology for Diagnosis, Infectious Disease & New Antibiotic Targets, Innovation in Immunology Diagnostics, Lipid metabolism, Liver & Digestive Diseases Research, Metabolomics, Molecular Genetics & Pharmaceutical, Myocardial adenine nucleotide metabolism, Myocardial Ischemia, Myocardial Metabolism, Nitric Oxide in Health and Disease, Nutritional Supplements: Atherogenesis, Pharmacotherapy and Cell Activity, Pharmacotherapy of Cardiovascular Disease, Population Health Management, Proteomics, Signaling, Signaling & Cell Circuits, Small Molecules in Development of Therapeutic Drugs, Systemic Inflammatory Response Related Disorders, Translational Research, Translational Science, tagged Alzheimers Disease, Apoptosis, Aviva Lev-Ari, bibliorgaphy, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, biomarkers, breast cancer, Cancer research, Cardiovascular disease, Chemotherapy, compilation, Conditions and Diseases, curations, Diabetes mellitus type 2, DNA, Endothelium, gene, gene expression, Genome-wide association study, Human Genome Project, immune system, Leaders in Pharmaceutical Intelligence, Messenger RNA, Metabolism, Metabolomics, metastasis, MicroRNA, mitochondria, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Nitric oxide synthase, NO, Personalized medicine, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Proteomics, RNA, Signal transduction, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Stanford University, Stem cell, Warburg Effect on September 1, 2014| Leave a Comment »

Compilation of References by Leaders in Pharmaceutical Business Intelligence in the Journal http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com about
Proteomics, Metabolomics, Signaling Pathways, and Cell Regulation

Curator: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP

Proteomics

The Human Proteome Map Completed

Reporter and Curator: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/08/28/the-human-proteome-map-completed/

Proteomics – The Pathway to Understanding and Decision-making in Medicine

Author and Curator, Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/06/24/proteomics-the-pathway-to-
understanding-and-decision-making-in-medicine/

3. Advances in Separations Technology for the “OMICs” and Clarification of Therapeutic Targets

Author and Curator, Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/10/22/advances-in-separations-technology-for-the-omics-and-clarification- of-therapeutic-targets/

Expanding the Genetic Alphabet and Linking the Genome to the Metabolome

Author and Curator, Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/09/24/expanding-the-genetic-alphabet-and-linking-the-genome-to-the- metabolome/

5. Genomics, Proteomics and standards

Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Author and Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/07/06/genomics-proteomics-and-standards/

6. Proteins and cellular adaptation to stress

Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Author and Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/07/08/proteins-and-cellular-adaptation-to-stress/

Metabolomics

Extracellular evaluation of intracellular flux in yeast cells

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Reviewer and Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/08/25/extracellular-evaluation-of-intracellular-flux-in-yeast-cells/

Metabolomic analysis of two leukemia cell lines. I.

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Reviewer and Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/08/23/metabolomic-analysis-of-two-leukemia-cell-lines-_i/

Metabolomic analysis of two leukemia cell lines. II.

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Reviewer and Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/08/24/metabolomic-analysis-of-two-leukemia-cell-lines-ii/

Metabolomics, Metabonomics and Functional Nutrition: the next step in nutritional metabolism and biotherapeutics

Reviewer and Curator, Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/08/22/metabolomics-metabonomics-and-functional-nutrition-the-next-step- in-nutritional-metabolism-and-biotherapeutics/

Buffering of genetic modules involved in tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolism provides homeomeostatic regulation

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Reviewer and curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/08/27/buffering-of-genetic-modules-involved-in-tricarboxylic-acid-cycle- metabolism-provides-homeomeostatic-regulation/

Metabolic Pathways

Pentose Shunt, Electron Transfer, Galactose, more Lipids in brief

Reviewer and Curator: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/08/21/pentose-shunt-electron-transfer-galactose-more-lipids-in-brief/

Mitochondria: More than just the “powerhouse of the cell”

Ritu Saxena, PhD

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/07/09/mitochondria-more-than-just-the-powerhouse-of-the-cell/

Mitochondrial fission and fusion: potential therapeutic targets?

Ritu saxena

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/10/31/mitochondrial-fission-and-fusion-potential-therapeutic-target/

4. Mitochondrial mutation analysis might be “1-step” away

Ritu Saxena

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/08/14/mitochondrial-mutation-analysis-might-be-1-step-away/

Selected References to Signaling and Metabolic Pathways in PharmaceuticalIntelligence.com

Curator: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/08/14/selected-references-to-signaling-and-metabolic-pathways-in- leaders-in-pharmaceutical-intelligence/

Metabolic drivers in aggressive brain tumors

Prabodh Kandal, PhD

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/11/11/metabolic-drivers-in-aggressive-brain-tumors/

Metabolite Identification Combining Genetic and Metabolic Information: Genetic association links unknown metabolites to functionally related genes

Writer and Curator, Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RD

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/10/22/metabolite-identification-combining-genetic-and-metabolic- information-genetic-association-links-unknown-metabolites-to-functionally-related-genes/

Mitochondria: Origin from oxygen free environment, role in aerobic glycolysis, metabolic adaptation

Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP, author and curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/09/26/mitochondria-origin-from-oxygen-free-environment-role-in-aerobic- glycolysis-metabolic-adaptation/

Therapeutic Targets for Diabetes and Related Metabolic Disorders

Reporter, Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RD

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/08/20/therapeutic-targets-for-diabetes-and-related-metabolic-disorders/

10. Buffering of genetic modules involved in tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolism provides homeomeostatic regulation

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Reviewer and curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/08/27/buffering-of-genetic-modules-involved-in-tricarboxylic-acid-cycle- metabolism-provides-homeomeostatic-regulation/

11. The multi-step transfer of phosphate bond and hydrogen exchange energy

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Curator:

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/08/19/the-multi-step-transfer-of-phosphate-bond-and-hydrogen- exchange-energy/

12. Studies of Respiration Lead to Acetyl CoA

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/08/18/studies-of-respiration-lead-to-acetyl-coa/

13. Lipid Metabolism

Author and Curator: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/08/15/lipid-metabolism/

14. Carbohydrate Metabolism

Author and Curator: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/08/13/carbohydrate-metabolism/

15. Update on mitochondrial function, respiration, and associated disorders

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Author and Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/07/08/update-on-mitochondrial-function-respiration-and-associated- disorders/

16. Prologue to Cancer – e-book Volume One – Where are we in this journey?

Author and Curator: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/04/13/prologue-to-cancer-ebook-4-where-are-we-in-this-journey/

17. Introduction – The Evolution of Cancer Therapy and Cancer Research: How We Got Here?

Author and Curator: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/04/04/introduction-the-evolution-of-cancer-therapy-and-cancer-research- how-we-got-here/

18. Inhibition of the Cardiomyocyte-Specific Kinase TNNI3K

Author and Curator: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/11/01/inhibition-of-the-cardiomyocyte-specific-kinase-tnni3k/

19. The Binding of Oligonucleotides in DNA and 3-D Lattice Structures

Author and Curator: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/05/15/the-binding-of-oligonucleotides-in-dna-and-3-d-lattice-structures/

20. Mitochondrial Metabolism and Cardiac Function

Author and Curator: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/04/14/mitochondrial-metabolism-and-cardiac-function/

21. How Methionine Imbalance with Sulfur-Insufficiency Leads to Hyperhomocysteinemia

Curator: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/04/04/sulfur-deficiency-leads_to_hyperhomocysteinemia/

22. AMPK Is a Negative Regulator of the Warburg Effect and Suppresses Tumor Growth In Vivo

Author and Curator: Stephen J. Williams, PhD

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/03/12/ampk-is-a-negative-regulator-of-the-warburg-effect-and-suppresses- tumor-growth-in-vivo/

23. A Second Look at the Transthyretin Nutrition Inflammatory Conundrum

Author and Curator: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/12/03/a-second-look-at-the-transthyretin-nutrition-inflammatory- conundrum/

24. Mitochondrial Damage and Repair under Oxidative Stress

Author and Curator: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/10/28/mitochondrial-damage-and-repair-under-oxidative-stress/

25. Nitric Oxide and Immune Responses: Part 2

Author and Curator: Aviral Vatsa, PhD, MBBS

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/10/28/nitric-oxide-and-immune-responses-part-2/

26. Overview of Posttranslational Modification (PTM)

Writer and Curator: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/07/29/overview-of-posttranslational-modification-ptm/

27. Malnutrition in India, high newborn death rate and stunting of children age under five years

Writer and Curator: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/07/15/malnutrition-in-india-high-newborn-death-rate-and-stunting-of- children-age-under-five-years/

28. Update on mitochondrial function, respiration, and associated disorders

Writer and Curator: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/07/08/update-on-mitochondrial-function-respiration-and-associated- disorders/

29. Omega-3 fatty acids, depleting the source, and protein insufficiency in renal disease

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/07/06/omega-3-fatty-acids-depleting-the-source-and-protein-insufficiency- in-renal-disease/

30. Introduction to e-Series A: Cardiovascular Diseases, Volume Four Part 2: Regenerative Medicine

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, writer, and Aviva Lev- Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/04/27/larryhbernintroduction_to_cardiovascular_diseases- translational_medicine-part_2/

31. Epilogue: Envisioning New Insights in Cancer Translational Biology
Series C: e-Books on Cancer & Oncology

Author & Curator: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Series C Content Consultant

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/03/29/epilogue-envisioning-new-insights/

32. Ca2+-Stimulated Exocytosis: The Role of Calmodulin and Protein Kinase C in Ca2+ Regulation of Hormone and Neurotransmitter

Writer and Curator: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP and
Curator and Content Editor: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/12/23/calmodulin-and-protein-kinase-c-drive-the-ca2-regulation-of- hormone-and-neurotransmitter-release-that-triggers-ca2-stimulated-exocy

33. Cardiac Contractility & Myocardial Performance: Therapeutic Implications of Ryanopathy (Calcium Release- related Contractile Dysfunction) and Catecholamine Responses

Author, and Content Consultant to e-SERIES A: Cardiovascular Diseases: Justin Pearlman, MD, PhD, FACC
Author and Curator: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP
and Article Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/08/28/cardiac-contractility-myocardium-performance-ventricular-arrhythmias- and-non-ischemic-heart-failure-therapeutic-implications-for-cardiomyocyte-ryanopathy-calcium-release-related- contractile/

34. Role of Calcium, the Actin Skeleton, and Lipid Structures in Signaling and Cell Motility

Author and Curator: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP Author: Stephen Williams, PhD, and Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/08/26/role-of-calcium-the-actin-skeleton-and-lipid-structures-in-signaling-and-cell-motility/

35. Identification of Biomarkers that are Related to the Actin Cytoskeleton

Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Author and Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/12/10/identification-of-biomarkers-that-are-related-to-the-actin- cytoskeleton/

36. Advanced Topics in Sepsis and the Cardiovascular System at its End Stage

Author: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/08/18/advanced-topics-in-Sepsis-and-the-Cardiovascular-System-at-its- End-Stage/

37. The Delicate Connection: IDO (Indolamine 2, 3 dehydrogenase) and Cancer Immunology

Demet Sag, PhD, Author and Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/08/04/the-delicate-connection-ido-indolamine-2-3-dehydrogenase-and- immunology/

38. IDO for Commitment of a Life Time: The Origins and Mechanisms of IDO, indolamine 2, 3-dioxygenase

Demet Sag, PhD, Author and Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/08/04/ido-for-commitment-of-a-life-time-the-origins-and-mechanisms-of- ido-indolamine-2-3-dioxygenase/

39. Confined Indolamine 2, 3 dioxygenase (IDO) Controls the Homeostasis of Immune Responses for Good and Bad

Curator: Demet Sag, PhD, CRA, GCP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/07/31/confined-indolamine-2-3-dehydrogenase-controls-the-hemostasis- of-immune-responses-for-good-and-bad/

40. Signaling Pathway that Makes Young Neurons Connect was discovered @ Scripps Research Institute

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/06/26/signaling-pathway-that-makes-young-neurons-connect-was- discovered-scripps-research-institute/

41. Naked Mole Rats Cancer-Free

Writer and Curator: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/06/20/naked-mole-rats-cancer-free/

42. Late Onset of Alzheimer’s Disease and One-carbon Metabolism

Reporter and Curator: Dr. Sudipta Saha, Ph.D.

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/05/06/alzheimers-disease-and-one-carbon-metabolism/

43. Problems of vegetarianism

Reporter and Curator: Dr. Sudipta Saha, Ph.D.

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/04/22/problems-of-vegetarianism/

44. Amyloidosis with Cardiomyopathy

Writer and Curator: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/03/31/amyloidosis-with-cardiomyopathy/

45. Liver endoplasmic reticulum stress and hepatosteatosis

Larry H Bernstein, MD, FACP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/03/10/liver-endoplasmic-reticulum-stress-and-hepatosteatosis/

46. The Molecular Biology of Renal Disorders: Nitric Oxide – Part III

Curator and Author: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FACP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/11/26/the-molecular-biology-of-renal-disorders/

47. Nitric Oxide Function in Coagulation – Part II

Curator and Author: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/11/26/nitric-oxide-function-in-coagulation/

48. Nitric Oxide, Platelets, Endothelium and Hemostasis

Curator and Author: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FACP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/11/08/nitric-oxide-platelets-endothelium-and-hemostasis/

49. Interaction of Nitric Oxide and Prostacyclin in Vascular Endothelium

Curator and Author: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FACP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/09/14/interaction-of-nitric-oxide-and-prostacyclin-in-vascular-endothelium/

50. Nitric Oxide and Immune Responses: Part 1

Curator and Author: Aviral Vatsa PhD, MBBS

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/10/18/nitric-oxide-and-immune-responses-part-1/

51. Nitric Oxide and Immune Responses: Part 2

Curator and Author: Aviral Vatsa PhD, MBBS

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/10/28/nitric-oxide-and-immune-responses-part-2/

52. Mitochondrial Damage and Repair under Oxidative Stress

Curator and Author: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FACP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/10/28/mitochondrial-damage-and-repair-under-oxidative-stress/

53. Is the Warburg Effect the cause or the effect of cancer: A 21st Century View?

Curator and Author: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FACP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/10/17/is-the-warburg-effect-the-cause-or-the-effect-of-cancer-a-21st- century-view/

54. Ubiquinin-Proteosome pathway, autophagy, the mitochondrion, proteolysis and cell apoptosis

Curator and Author: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FACP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/10/30/ubiquinin-proteosome-pathway-autophagy-the-mitochondrion- proteolysis-and-cell-apoptosis/

55. Ubiquitin-Proteosome pathway, Autophagy, the Mitochondrion, Proteolysis and Cell Apoptosis: Part III

Curator and Author: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FACP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/02/14/ubiquinin-proteosome-pathway-autophagy-the-mitochondrion- proteolysis-and-cell-apoptosis-reconsidered/

56. Nitric Oxide and iNOS have Key Roles in Kidney Diseases – Part II

Curator and Author: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FACP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/11/26/nitric-oxide-and-inos-have-key-roles-in-kidney-diseases/

57. New Insights on Nitric Oxide donors – Part IV

Curator and Author: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FACP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/11/26/new-insights-on-no-donors/

58. Crucial role of Nitric Oxide in Cancer

Curator and Author: Ritu Saxena, Ph.D.

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/10/16/crucial-role-of-nitric-oxide-in-cancer/

59. Nitric Oxide has a ubiquitous role in the regulation of glycolysis -with a concomitant influence on mitochondrial function

Curator and Author: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FACP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/09/16/nitric-oxide-has-a-ubiquitous-role-in-the-regulation-of-glycolysis-with- a-concomitant-influence-on-mitochondrial-function/

60. Targeting Mitochondrial-bound Hexokinase for Cancer Therapy

Curator and Author: Ziv Raviv, PhD, RN 04/06/2013

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/04/06/targeting-mitochondrial-bound-hexokinase-for-cancer-therapy/

61. Biochemistry of the Coagulation Cascade and Platelet Aggregation – Part I

Curator and Author: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FACP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/11/26/biochemistry-of-the-coagulation-cascade-and-platelet-aggregation/

Genomics, Transcriptomics, and Epigenetics

What is the meaning of so many RNAs?

Writer and Curator: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/08/06/what-is-the-meaning-of-so-many-rnas/

RNA and the transcription the genetic code

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Writer and Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/08/02/rna-and-the-transcription-of-the-genetic-code/

A Primer on DNA and DNA Replication

Writer and Curator: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/07/29/a_primer_on_dna_and_dna_replication/

4. Synthesizing Synthetic Biology: PLOS Collections

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/08/17/synthesizing-synthetic-biology-plos-collections/

5. Pathology Emergence in the 21st Century

Author and Curator: Larry Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/08/03/pathology-emergence-in-the-21st-century/

6. RNA and the transcription the genetic code

Writer and Curator, Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/08/02/rna-and-the-transcription-of-the-genetic-code/

7. A Great University engaged in Drug Discovery: University of Pittsburgh

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Reporter and Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/07/15/a-great-university-engaged-in-drug-discovery/

8. microRNA called miRNA-142 involved in the process by which the immature cells in the bone marrow give rise to all the types of blood cells, including immune cells and the oxygen-bearing red blood cells

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN, Author and Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/07/24/microrna-called-mir-142-involved-in-the-process-by-which-the- immature-cells-in-the-bone-marrow-give-rise-to-all-the-types-of-blood-cells-including-immune-cells-and-the-oxygen- bearing-red-blood-cells/

9. Genes, proteomes, and their interaction

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Writer and Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/07/28/genes-proteomes-and-their-interaction/

10. Regulation of somatic stem cell Function

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Writer and Curator Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN, Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/07/29/regulation-of-somatic-stem-cell-function/

11. Scientists discover that pluripotency factor NANOG is also active in adult organisms

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Reporter

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/07/10/scientists-discover-that-pluripotency-factor-nanog-is-also-active-in- adult-organisms/

12. Bzzz! Are fruitflies like us?

Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Author and Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/07/07/bzzz-are-fruitflies-like-us/

13. Long Non-coding RNAs Can Encode Proteins After All

Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Reporter

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/06/29/long-non-coding-rnas-can-encode-proteins-after-all/

14. Michael Snyder @Stanford University sequenced the lymphoblastoid transcriptomes and developed an
allele-specific full-length transcriptome

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN, Author and Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/014/06/23/michael-snyder-stanford-university-sequenced-the-lymphoblastoid- transcriptomes-and-developed-an-allele-specific-full-length-transcriptome/

15. Commentary on Biomarkers for Genetics and Genomics of Cardiovascular Disease: Views by Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP

Author: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/07/16/commentary-on-biomarkers-for-genetics-and-genomics-of- cardiovascular-disease-views-by-larry-h-bernstein-md-fcap/

16. Observations on Finding the Genetic Links in Common Disease: Whole Genomic Sequencing Studies

Author an curator: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/05/18/observations-on-finding-the-genetic-links/

17. Silencing Cancers with Synthetic siRNAs

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Reviewer and Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/12/09/silencing-cancers-with-synthetic-sirnas/

18. Cardiometabolic Syndrome and the Genetics of Hypertension: The Neuroendocrine Transcriptome Control Points

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/12/12/cardiometabolic-syndrome-and-the-genetics-of-hypertension-the-neuroendocrine-transcriptome-control-points/

19. Developments in the Genomics and Proteomics of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Treatment Targets

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Reviewer and Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/12/08/developments-in-the-genomics-and-proteomics-of-type-2-diabetes- mellitus-and-treatment-targets/

20. Loss of normal growth regulation

Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/07/06/loss-of-normal-growth-regulation/

21. CT Angiography & TrueVision™ Metabolomics (Genomic Phenotyping) for new Therapeutic Targets to Atherosclerosis

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/11/15/ct-angiography-truevision-metabolomics-genomic-phenotyping-for- new-therapeutic-targets-to-atherosclerosis/

22. CRACKING THE CODE OF HUMAN LIFE: The Birth of BioInformatics & Computational Genomics

Genomics Curator, Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/08/30/cracking-the-code-of-human-life-the-birth-of-bioinformatics- computational-genomics/

23. Big Data in Genomic Medicine

Author and Curator, Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/12/17/big-data-in-genomic-medicine/

24. From Genomics of Microorganisms to Translational Medicine

Author and Curator: Demet Sag, PhD

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/03/20/without-the-past-no-future-but-learn-and-move-genomics-of- microorganisms-to-translational-medicine/

25. Summary of Genomics and Medicine: Role in Cardiovascular Diseases

Author and Curator, Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/01/06/summary-of-genomics-and-medicine-role-in-cardiovascular-diseases/

26. Genomic Promise for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dementias, Autism Spectrum, Schizophrenia, and Serious Depression

Author and Curator, Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/02/19/genomic-promise-for-neurodegenerative-diseases-dementias-autism- spectrum-schizophrenia-and-serious-depression/

27. BRCA1 a tumour suppressor in breast and ovarian cancer – functions in transcription, ubiquitination and DNA repair

Sudipta Saha, PhD

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/12/04/brca1-a-tumour-suppressor-in-breast-and-ovarian-cancer-functions- in-transcription-ubiquitination-and-dna-repair/

28. Personalized medicine gearing up to tackle cancer

Ritu Saxena, PhD

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/01/07/personalized-medicine-gearing-up-to-tackle-cancer/

29. Differentiation Therapy – Epigenetics Tackles Solid Tumors

Stephen J Williams, PhD

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/01/03/differentiation-therapy-epigenetics-tackles-solid-tumors/

30. Mechanism involved in Breast Cancer Cell Growth: Function in Early Detection & Treatment

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/01/17/mechanism-involved-in-breast-cancer-cell-growth-function-in-early- detection-treatment/

31. The Molecular pathology of Breast Cancer Progression

Tilde Barliya, PhD

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/01/10/the-molecular-pathology-of-breast-cancer-progression

32. Gastric Cancer: Whole-genome reconstruction and mutational signatures

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/12/24/gastric-cancer-whole-genome-reconstruction-and-mutational- signatures-2/

33. Paradigm Shift in Human Genomics – Predictive Biomarkers and Personalized Medicine – Part 1 (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalntelligence.com/2013/01/13/paradigm-shift-in-human-genomics-predictive-biomarkers-and-personalized-medicine-part-1/

34. LEADERS in Genome Sequencing of Genetic Mutations for Therapeutic Drug Selection in Cancer Personalized Treatment: Part 2

A Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/01/13/leaders-in-genome-sequencing-of-genetic-mutations-for-therapeutic- drug-selection-in-cancer-personalized-treatment-part-2/

35. Personalized Medicine: An Institute Profile – Coriell Institute for Medical Research: Part 3

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/01/13/personalized-medicine-an-institute-profile-coriell-institute-for-medical- research-part-3/

36. Harnessing Personalized Medicine for Cancer Management, Prospects of Prevention and Cure: Opinions of Cancer Scientific Leaders @http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/01/13/7000/Harnessing_Personalized_Medicine_for_ Cancer_Management- Prospects_of_Prevention_and_Cure/

37. GSK for Personalized Medicine using Cancer Drugs needs Alacris systems biology model to determine the in silico
effect of the inhibitor in its “virtual clinical trial”

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/11/14/gsk-for-personalized-medicine-using-cancer-drugs-needs-alacris- systems-biology-model-to-determine-the-in-silico-effect-of-the-inhibitor-in-its-virtual-clinical-trial/

38. Personalized medicine-based cure for cancer might not be far away

Ritu Saxena, PhD

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/11/20/personalized-medicine-based-cure-for-cancer-might-not-be-far-away/

39. Human Variome Project: encyclopedic catalog of sequence variants indexed to the human genome sequence

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/11/24/human-variome-project-encyclopedic-catalog-of-sequence-variants- indexed-to-the-human-genome-sequence/

40. Inspiration From Dr. Maureen Cronin’s Achievements in Applying Genomic Sequencing to Cancer Diagnostics

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/01/10/inspiration-from-dr-maureen-cronins-achievements-in-applying- genomic-sequencing-to-cancer-diagnostics/

41. The “Cancer establishments” examined by James Watson, co-discoverer of DNA w/Crick, 4/1953

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/01/09/the-cancer-establishments-examined-by-james-watson-co-discover- of-dna-wcrick-41953/

42. What can we expect of tumor therapeutic response?

Author and curator: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FACP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/12/05/what-can-we-expect-of-tumor-therapeutic-response/

43. Directions for genomics in personalized medicine

Author and Curator: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/01/27/directions-for-genomics-in-personalized-medicine/

44. How mobile elements in “Junk” DNA promote cancer. Part 1: Transposon-mediated tumorigenesis.

Stephen J Williams, PhD

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/10/31/how-mobile-elements-in-junk-dna-prote-cancer-part1-transposon- mediated-tumorigenesis/

45. mRNA interference with cancer expression

Author and Curator, Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/10/26/mrna-interference-with-cancer-expression/

46. Expanding the Genetic Alphabet and linking the genome to the metabolome

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RD

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/09/24/expanding-the-genetic-alphabet-and-linking-the-genome-to-the- metabolome/

47. Breast Cancer, drug resistance, and biopharmaceutical targets

Author and Curator: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/09/18/breast-cancer-drug-resistance-and-biopharmaceutical-targets/

48. Breast Cancer: Genomic profiling to predict Survival: Combination of Histopathology and Gene Expression Analysis

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RD

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/12/24/breast-cancer-genomic-profiling-to-predict-survival-combination-of- histopathology-and-gene-expression-analysis

49. Gastric Cancer: Whole-genome reconstruction and mutational signatures

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RD

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/12/24/gastric-cancer-whole-genome-reconstruction-and-mutational- signatures-2/

50. Genomic Analysis: FLUIDIGM Technology in the Life Science and Agricultural Biotechnology

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RD

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/08/22/genomic-analysis-fluidigm-technology-in-the-life-science-and- agricultural-biotechnology/

51. 2013 Genomics: The Era Beyond the Sequencing Human Genome: Francis Collins, Craig Venter, Eric Lander, et al.

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RD

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013_Genomics

52. Paradigm Shift in Human Genomics – Predictive Biomarkers and Personalized Medicine – Part 1

Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RD

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/Paradigm Shift in Human Genomics_/

Signaling Pathways

Proteins and cellular adaptation to stress

Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/07/08/proteins-and-cellular-adaptation-to-stress/

A Synthesis of the Beauty and Complexity of How We View Cancer:
Cancer Volume One – Summary

Author and Curator: Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/03/26/a-synthesis-of-the-beauty-and-complexity-of-how-we-view-cancer/

Recurrent somatic mutations in chromatin-remodeling and ubiquitin ligase complex genes in
serous endometrial tumors

Sudipta Saha, PhD

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/11/19/recurrent-somatic-mutations-in-chromatin-remodeling-ad-ubiquitin- ligase-complex-genes-in-serous-endometrial-tumors/

4. Prostate Cancer Cells: Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Induce Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition

Stephen J Williams, PhD

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/11/30/histone-deacetylase-inhibitors-induce-epithelial-to-mesenchymal- transition-in-prostate-cancer-cells/

5. Ubiquinin-Proteosome pathway, autophagy, the mitochondrion, proteolysis and cell apoptosis

Author and Curator: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/10/30/ubiquinin-proteosome-pathway-autophagy-the-mitochondrion- proteolysis-and-cell-apoptosis/

6. Signaling and Signaling Pathways

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Reporter and Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/08/12/signaling-and-signaling-pathways/

7. Leptin signaling in mediating the cardiac hypertrophy associated with obesity

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Reporter and Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/11/03/leptin-signaling-in-mediating-the-cardiac-hypertrophy-associated- with-obesity/

Sensors and Signaling in Oxidative Stress

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Reporter and Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/11/01/sensors-and-signaling-in-oxidative-stress/

The Final Considerations of the Role of Platelets and Platelet Endothelial Reactions in Atherosclerosis and Novel
Treatments

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Reporter and Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/10/15/the-final-considerations-of-the-role-of-platelets-and-platelet- endothelial-reactions-in-atherosclerosis-and-novel-treatments

10. Platelets in Translational Research – Part 1

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Reporter and Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/10/07/platelets-in-translational-research-1/

11. Disruption of Calcium Homeostasis: Cardiomyocytes and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: The Cardiac and
Cardiovascular Calcium Signaling Mechanism

Author and Curator: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Author, and Content Consultant to e-SERIES A:
Cardiovascular Diseases: Justin Pearlman, MD, PhD, FACC and Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/09/12/disruption-of-calcium-homeostasis-cardiomyocytes-and-vascular- smooth-muscle-cells-the-cardiac-and-cardiovascular-calcium-signaling-mechanism/

12. The Centrality of Ca(2+) Signaling and Cytoskeleton Involving Calmodulin Kinases and
Ryanodine Receptors in Cardiac Failure, Arterial Smooth Muscle, Post-ischemic Arrhythmia,
Similarities and Differences, and Pharmaceutical Targets

Author and Curator: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Author, and Content Consultant to
e-SERIES A: Cardiovascular Diseases: Justin Pearlman, MD, PhD, FACC and
Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/09/08/the-centrality-of-ca2-signaling-and-cytoskeleton-involving-calmodulin- kinases-and-ryanodine-receptors-in-cardiac-failure-arterial-smooth-muscle-post-ischemic-arrhythmia-similarities-and- differen/

13. Nitric Oxide Signalling Pathways

Aviral Vatsa, PhD, MBBS

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2012/08/22/nitric-oxide-signalling-pathways/

14. Immune activation, immunity, antibacterial activity

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/07/06/immune-activation-immunity-antibacterial-activity/

15. Regulation of somatic stem cell Function

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Writer and Curator Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN, Curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/07/29/regulation-of-somatic-stem-cell-function/

16. Scientists discover that pluripotency factor NANOG is also active in adult organisms

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Reporter

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/07/10/scientists-discover-that-pluripotency-factor-nanog-is-also-active-in-adult-organisms/

Read Full Post »

First-line beta-blockers versus other antihypertensive medications for chronic type B aortic dissection – The Cochrane Library – Chan – Wiley Online Library

Posted in Frontiers in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Disorders, HTN, Pharmacotherapy of Cardiovascular Disease on August 11, 2014| Leave a Comment »

First-line beta-blockers versus other antihypertensive medications for chronic type B aortic dissection – The Cochrane Library – Chan – Wiley Online Library

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

#Cochrane #hypertension review 1st-line beta-blockers v oth antihypertensives for chronic type B aortic dissec’n

See

http://t.co/WXq5WHtKjh

Source: onlinelibrary.wiley.com

See on Scoop.it – Cardiovascular Disease: PHARMACO-THERAPY

Read Full Post »

Beta-Blockers Cause Lack Of Restful Sleep – Life Extension

Posted in Frontiers in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Disorders, HTN, Melatonin & Circadian Regulation, Pharmacotherapy of Cardiovascular Disease on August 4, 2014| Leave a Comment »

Beta-Blockers Cause Lack Of Restful Sleep – Life Extension

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

Beta-blockers to reduce blood pressure can lead to chronic sleep disturbances by blocking melatonin production. Melatonin may correct this common problem that is often overlooked by physicians.

Source: www.lef.org

See on Scoop.it – Cardiovascular Disease: PHARMACO-THERAPY

Read Full Post »

Risk of Major Cardiovascular Events by LDL-Cholesterol Level (mg/dL): Among those treated with high-dose statin therapy, more than 40% of patients failed to achieve an LDL-cholesterol target of less than 70 mg/dL.

Posted in Acute Myocardial Infarction, Atherogenic Processes & Pathology, Biomarkers & Medical Diagnostics, Biomedical Measurement Science, Cardiovascular Research, Chemical Biology and its relations to Metabolic Disease, Chemical Genetics, Clinical Diagnostics, Epigenetics and Cardiovascular Risks, Frontiers in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Disorders, Health Economics and Outcomes Research, HTN, Myocardial metabolism, Myocardial ischemia, myocardial perfusion, Myocardial adenine nucleotide metabolism, Origins of Cardiovascular Disease, Pharmacotherapy of Cardiovascular Disease, Population Health Management, Genetics & Pharmaceutical, Population Health Management, Nutrition and Phytochemistry, Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (SCAD), Statistical Methods for Research Evaluation on July 29, 2014| Leave a Comment »

Risk of Major Cardiovascular Events by LDL-Cholesterol Level (mg/dL): Among those treated with high-dose statin therapy, more than 40% of patients failed to achieve an LDL-cholesterol target of less than 70 mg/dL.

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

UPDATED on 9/15/2025

Jamal Rana MD FACCJamal Rana MD FACC

• 2ndVerified • 2ndChair (APIC) Medical Specialties & Interventional Services, People Operations, Professional Development TPMG | Clinician Researcher | Past President California ACC I Professor Department of Clinical Science KPSOMChair (APIC) Medical Specialties & Interventional Services, People Operations, Professional Development TPMG | Clinician Researcher | Past President California ACC I Professor Department of Clinical Science KPSOM4d

• 4 days ago • Visible to anyone on or off LinkedIn

“The Importance of Being Ernest” about #LDL Cholesterol

Our latest paper out in JACC Journals, led by Dr. Peng & Dr. Eugenia Gianos.
LINK: https://lnkd.in/gNqrjzSv

⚡ We asked if cumulative LDL-Cholesterol exposure in individuals with a Coronary artery Calcium hashtag#CAC of 0 associated with higher rates of long-term cardiovascular events?
⚡ We found that despite CAC of 0, long-term cumulative LDL-C exposure is associated with significantly higher CVD risk, highlighting hashtag#early individualized risk factor optimization and hashtag#CVDprevention across the hashtag#lifecourse.
⚡ Although patients with CAC = 0 have overall low CVD risk, their risk is not zero, and that risk increases with cumulative LDL-C exposure.
⚡ Cumulative LDL-C exposure during early adulthood starting in one’s teens to early 20s contributes to increased risk.
⚡ I have started to use the term hashtag#LDLYears more and more. From lifestyle to so many pharmaceutical therapy options, focusing primary prevention is still better than secondary prevention, as many patients do not survive their 1st heart attack!

Original Article

JACC Journals › JACC › Archives › Vol. 86 No. 9

25 August 2025

Impact of LDL-Cholesterol When the Coronary Artery Calcium Score Is 0: Long-Term Cardiovascular Events

Authors: Allison W. Peng, Alexander C. Razavi, John T. Wilkins, Norrina B. Allen, Laurence S. Sperling, Jamal S. Rana, Tia Bimal, Seamus P. Whelton, Michael J. Blaha, Roger S. Blumenthal, and Eugenia Gianos egianos@northwell.edu Authors Info & Affiliations

Publication: JACC, Volume 86, Number 9

https://www.jacc.org/doi/abs/10.1016/j.jacc.2025.06.053

@@@@@@@@@

Lower LDL Still Best: Very Low Levels of LDL Linked with Reduced CV Events

Michael O’Riordan

July 28, 2014

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/828967?nlid=62503_2562&src=wnl_edit_medp_card&uac=93761AJ&spon=2

AMSTERDAM, THE NETHERLANDS — The question of how low LDL-cholesterol levels should be in the present statin era, recently addressed with the new US clinical guidelines, is once again questioned with the new publication of a patient-level meta-analysis of eight clinical trials investigating statin therapy^[1].

The new meta-analysis, published July 28, 2014 in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, suggests that lowering LDL-cholesterol levels to very low levels results in a significant reduction in cardiovascular events. Individuals with LDL-cholesterol levels <50 mg/dL had a significantly lower risk of major cardiovascular events compared with individuals who had higher LDL-cholesterol levels, including those with LDL levels 50 to <75 mg/dL and 75 to <100 mg/dL.

The Results From the Meta-analysis

The investigators, including first author Dr Matthijs Boekholdt (Academic Medical Center), analyzed eight trials and 38 153 patients treated with statin therapy. The studies included some of the landmark statin trials, including AFCAPS-TexCAPS , 4S , LIPID , SPARCL , TNT , IDEAL , and JUPITER .

The investigators observed a large degree of interindividual variability in the reductions of LDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B (apoB) levels with statin therapy. Among those treated with high-dose statin therapy, more than 40% of patients failed to achieve an LDL-cholesterol target of less than 70 mg/dL.

Compared with individuals with LDL-cholesterol levels >175 mg/dL, which served as the reference group, individuals who achieved lower levels of LDL cholesterol had a significantly lower risk of major cardiovascular events. For those with LDL-cholesterol levels <50 mg/dL, 50 to <75 mg/dL, and 75 to <100 mg/dL, the relative reduction in risk was 56%, 49%, and 44%, respectively. Regarding the end point of major coronary events and cerebrovascular events, a similar trend was observed with lower LDL cholesterol levels.

Risk of Major Cardiovascular Events by LDL-Cholesterol Level (mg/dL)

Outcome	LDL <50	50 to <75	75 to <100	100 to <125	125 to <150	150 to <175	> 175
Major cardiovascular events	0.44 (0.35–0.55)	0.51 (0.42–0.62)	0.56 (0.46–0.67)	0.58 (0.48–0.69)	0.64 (0.53–0.79)	0.71 (0.56–0.89)	1.00 (ref)

References

Boekholdt SM, Hovingh GK, Mora S, et al. Very low levels of atherogenic lipoprotein and the risk for cardiovascular events. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; DOI:10.1016.j.jacc.2014.02.615. Available at:http://content.onlinejacc.org/journal.aspx
Ben-Yehuda O, DeMaria AN. LDL-cholesterol after the ACC/AHA 2013 guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; DOI:10.1016.j.jacc.2014.05.020. Available at: http://content.onlinejacc.org/journal.aspx

SOURCE

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/828967?nlid=62503_2562&src=wnl_edit_medp_card&uac=93761AJ&spon=2

Cardiovascular Research Foundation (CRF) Events – tctmd – The Source for Interventional Cardiovascular

Posted in Acute Myocardial Infarction, Aortic Valve: TAVR, TAVI vs Open Heart Surgery, Atherogenic Processes & Pathology, Cardiac & Vascular Repair Tools Subsegment, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures, Cardiovascular Research, Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH), Conference Coverage with Social Media, Congenital Heart Disease, Frontiers in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Disorders, HTN, Medical Devices R&D and Inventions, Mitral Valve: Repair and Replacement, Origins of Cardiovascular Disease, PCI, Peripheral Arterial Disease & Peripheral Vascular Surgery, Pharmacotherapy of Cardiovascular Disease, Renal Denervation, Stents & Tools, Valves & Tools on July 29, 2014| Leave a Comment »

Cardiovascular Research Foundation (CRF) Events – tctmd – The Source for Interventional Cardiovascular

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

SOURCE

http://www.tctmd.com/news.aspx

JOURNAL NEWS

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Monday, July 28, 2014 | Source: EuroIntervention: Proximal May Be Preferred Form of Embolic Protection in Carotid Stenting

By Kim Dalton
A proximal protection device can be successfully and safely used as the first choice for embolic protection during most carotid artery stenting…
Friday, July 25, 2014 | Source: The American Heart Journal: Meta-analysis: Patient Sex Affects Response to Routine Invasive Approach for NSTE-ACS

By Todd Neale
A routine invasive strategy—relative to a more selective approach—appears beneficial over the long term for men but not women with non-ST-segment elevation…
Thursday, July 24, 2014 | Source: American Journal of Cardiology: PCI for Stable CAD Drives Overall Decline in Use of Procedure Since 2009

By Yael L. Maxwell
National use of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has decreased steadily since 2009, mostly driven by a reduction in procedures for patients…
Thursday, July 24, 2014 | Source: European Heart Journal: Pre-AMI Ischemia May Reduce Early Mortality

By Kim Dalton
Patients who report angina symptoms or are diagnosed with ischemia shortly before an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are less likely to die within…
Wednesday, July 23, 2014 | Source: EuroIntervention: Bioresorbable Scaffold Performs Well, But Thrombosis Raises Concerns

By Todd Neale
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with an everolimus-eluting bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) results in an “acceptable” rate of target…
Tuesday, July 22, 2014 | Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology: New CMR-Identified Myocardial Injury Post-TAVR Linked With Decreased LV Function

By Yael L. Maxwell
New ischemic myocardial injury, presumably of embolic origin, is common after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and is associated with…
Tuesday, July 22, 2014 | Source: JAMA Internal Medicine: Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis for DVT Increases Bleeding Compared With Standard Anticoagulation

By L.A. McKeown
While catheter-directed thrombolysis and anticoagulation for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) does not appear to increase mortality over standard anticoagulation…
Monday, July 21, 2014 | Updated With New Commentary | Source: Lancet: HEAT-PPCI Published: Discrepant Finding of Heparin’s Superiority over Bivalirudin in Primary PCI Still Puzzles

By Yael L. Maxwell
The HEAT-PPCI trial, published July 5, 2014, ahead of print in the Lancet , reports better efficacy and comparable safety with bivalirudin than…
Monday, July 21, 2014 | Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology: One-Time Platelet Testing Appears Insufficient to Guide Clopidogrel Therapy

By Kim Dalton
In many patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD), platelet reactivity varies markedly over time despite an unchanged dose of clopidogrel,…
Friday, July 18, 2014 | Source: American Heart Journal: Hybrid Revascularization a Promising Option for Diabetic Patients

By L.A. McKeown
A hybrid procedure combining percutaneous revascularization with minimally invasive coronary artery grafting results in similar short-term and…

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CONFERENCE NEWS

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Wednesday, May 28, 2014 | Source: EuroPCR 2014: EuroPCR 2014: Clinical Challenges, Novel Innovations Share the Limelight

By Caitlin E. Cox
PARIS, France—Research presented at EuroPCR 2014, held May 20 23, offered both new ways to improve on current therapies and fresh approaches to treating…
Friday, May 23, 2014 | Source: EuroPCR 2014: Studies Document Initial Steps Toward Percutaneous Mitral Valve Replacement

By Caitlin E. Cox
PARIS, France—Early data on 2 different catheter-based mitral valve therapies were presented in the same Hot Line session at EuroPCR on May 21, 2014.…
Friday, May 23, 2014 | Source: EuroPCR 2014: PERFUSE Registry: Diagnostic Accuracy Achieved with CT-Derived FFR Plus CT Perfusion Imaging

By Yael L. Maxwell
PARIS, France—A strategy combining fractional flow reserve (FFR) derived from computed tomography (CT) with CT perfusion imaging has demonstrated high…
Friday, May 23, 2014 | Source: EuroPCR 2014: Benefit of LAA Closure Becomes Most Evident After 1 Year

By Caitlin E. Cox
PARIS, France—Most of the stroke protection derived from percutaneous left atrial appendage (LAA) closure does not become apparent until 1 year after…
Friday, May 23, 2014 | Source: EuroPCR 2014: Nobori BES Demonstrates Good Long-term Outcomes with No Stent Thrombosis Beyond 3 Years

By Yael L. Maxwell
PARIS, France—A novel biolimus A9-eluting, biodegradable-polymer stent (BES) shows favorable long-term clinical outcomes and very low rates of device-related…
Friday, May 23, 2014 | Source: EuroPCR 2014: New Iteration of Sapien Device Associated with Low Rates of Early Mortality, Stroke

By L.A. McKeown
A new lower-profile valve and delivery system for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) appears promising, with low mortality and stroke rates,…
Thursday, May 22, 2014 | Source: EuroPCR 2014: SYMPLICITY HTN-3: Predictors of Response Still Relevant After Trial’s Negative Findings

By Yael L. Maxwell
PARIS, France—Even though 6 month findings of the long awaited SYMPLICITY HTN 3 randomized trial demonstrated little effect of renal denervation on…
Thursday, May 22, 2014 | Source: EuroPCR 2014: UK Registry Finds Long-Term Survival After TAVR Depends on Patient Characteristics

By Caitlin E. Cox
PARIS, France—Nearly half of high-risk patients who undergo transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for severe aortic stenosis live at least…
Thursday, May 22, 2014 | Source: EuroPCR 2014: Global SYMPLICITY Substudy Teases out Reasons for Non-response in Real-World Patients

By Yael L. Maxwell
PARIS, France—Renal denervation has spurred much controversy in recent months, with the sham-controlled SYMPLICITY HTN-3 trial demonstrating little…
Thursday, May 22, 2014 | Source: EuroPCR 2014: Early Data Show Novel Catheter-Implanted Device Benefits Patients with Left Heart Failure

By Caitlin E. Cox
PARIS, France—A first-in-man study presented Tuesday, May 20, at EuroPCR 2014 introduced a new percutaneous treatment for heart failure. Josep Rodés-Cabau,…

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ACC NEWS

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Monday, June 24, 2013 | Source: ACC News Releases

Study Shows Heart Failure Survivors at Greater Risk for Cancer Trend toward more cancers and more deaths among heart failure patients

By ACC News Releases
WASHINGTON (June 25, 2013) – Heart failure patients are surviving more often with the heart condition but they are increasingly more likely to be diagnosed…

Tuesday, June 04, 2013 | Source: ACC News Releases

New Program to Help Heart Patients Navigate Care, Reduce Readmissions AstraZeneca sponsorship to help support patient-centered programs in 35 hospitals

By ACC News Releases
WASHINGTON (June 5, 2013) – The American College of Cardiology is developing a program with support from founding sponsor AstraZeneca to provide personalized…

Tuesday, June 04, 2013 | Source: ACC News Releases

ACC/AHA Update Guideline for Management of Heart Failure Update increases emphasis on quality of life, care coordination, palliative care

By ACC News Releases
WASHINGTON (June 5, 2013) – The American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association today released an expanded clinical practice guideline…

Sunday, March 10, 2013 | Source: ACC News Releases

Study Shows On-Pump Bypass Comparable to Off-Pump at Year Mark

By ACC News Releases
30-day neurocognitive differences disappeared by one-year follow up Read More

…

Sunday, March 10, 2013 | Source: ACC News Releases

Screenings, Targeted Care Reduce Heart Failure in At-Risk Patients

By ACC News Releases
Study shows simple blood test may help patients with risks for heart disease Read More

…

Sunday, March 10, 2013 | Source: ACC News Releases


	LAA Closure A Technique-Oriented Course July 17-19, 2014 Chicago, IL

	NYC Cineangiogram Case Review Dinner Series for Fellows July 17, 2014 Opia Restaurant (inside the Renaissance 57 Hotel) 130 East 57th St New York, NY

	BRS Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffolds: Transformational Technology for PCI July 25-26, 2014 The Fairmont Copley Plaza Boston, MA

	Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics (TCT) 2014 Sept. 13-17, 2014 Walter E. Washington Convention Center Washington, DC

	NYC Cineangiogram Case Review Dinner Series for Fellows Sep 25, 2014 Opia Restaurant (inside the Renaissance 57 Hotel) 130 East 57th St New York, NY

	The VEINS Venous Endovascular Interventional Strategies Oct 9-11, 2014 The Swissotel Hotel Chicago, IL

	NYC Cineangiogram Case Review Dinner Series for Fellows Nov 6, 2014 Opia Restaurant (inside the Renaissance 57 Hotel) 130 East 57th St New York, NY

	Transradial Symposium 2014 November 8, 2014 W New York Union Square New York, NY

CRF Global Partner Events

	TCT India Advanced CardioVascular Solutions (ACVS) India 2014 with TCT Aug 1-4, 2014 Hyderabad, India

	TCT 2014 Highlights at GISE Oct 14-17, 2014 Genoa, Italy

	ICI Innovations in Cardiovascular Interventional Cardiology Dec 14-16, 2014 Tel-Aviv, Israel

SOURCE

http://www.tctmd.com/show.aspx?id=43158

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Beta-blockers in new onset CHD reduce cardiac risk only post-MI

Posted in Pharmacotherapy of Cardiovascular Disease on July 29, 2014| Leave a Comment »

Beta-blockers in new onset CHD reduce cardiac risk only post-MI

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

(HealthDay)—Use of beta-blockers among patients with new-onset coronary heart disease (CHD) appears to lower risk of cardiac events only among patients with a recent myocardial infarction (MI), according to a study published in the July 22 issue of…

Source: medicalxpress.com

See on Scoop.it – Cardiovascular Disease: PHARMACO-THERAPY

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Archive for the ‘Pharmacotherapy of Cardiovascular Disease’ Category

FDA Advisory votes against approving Actavis nebivolol/valsartan combo – The Pharma Letter

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Fractional Flow Reserve–Guided PCI vs Drug Therapy for Stable Coronary Artery Disease

Fractional Flow Reserve–Guided PCI for Stable Coronary Artery Disease

BACKGROUND

METHODS

RESULTS

CONCLUSIONS

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United States Department of Justice closed investigation into AstraZeneca’s PLATO, Clinical Trial with Brilinta (ticagrelor)

Prasugrel outperforms ticagrelor among PCI patients

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12. The Centrality of Ca(2+) Signaling and Cytoskeleton Involving Calmodulin Kinases and Ryanodine Receptors in Cardiac Failure, Arterial Smooth Muscle, Post-ischemic Arrhythmia, Similarities and Differences, and Pharmaceutical Targets

Author and Curator: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Author, and Content Consultant to e-SERIES A: Cardiovascular Diseases: Justin Pearlman, MD, PhD, FACC and Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

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First-line beta-blockers versus other antihypertensive medications for chronic type B aortic dissection – The Cochrane Library – Chan – Wiley Online Library

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Beta-Blockers Cause Lack Of Restful Sleep – Life Extension

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Risk of Major Cardiovascular Events by LDL-Cholesterol Level (mg/dL): Among those treated with high-dose statin therapy, more than 40% of patients failed to achieve an LDL-cholesterol target of less than 70 mg/dL.

“The Importance of Being Ernest” about #LDL Cholesterol

Lower LDL Still Best: Very Low Levels of LDL Linked with Reduced CV Events

References

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Cardiovascular Research Foundation (CRF) Events – tctmd – The Source for Interventional Cardiovascular

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Beta-blockers in new onset CHD reduce cardiac risk only post-MI

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12. The Centrality of Ca(2+) Signaling and Cytoskeleton Involving Calmodulin Kinases and
Ryanodine Receptors in Cardiac Failure, Arterial Smooth Muscle, Post-ischemic Arrhythmia,
Similarities and Differences, and Pharmaceutical Targets

Author and Curator: Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Author, and Content Consultant to
e-SERIES A: Cardiovascular Diseases: Justin Pearlman, MD, PhD, FACC and
Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN