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In Memoriam: Nobel Laureate James D. Watson, Ph.D. (1928-2025)

Posted in Genome Biology, Nobel Prize Winners, tagged Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, DNA, James D. Watson, nobel leureates, Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine, Philip Sharp, Richard John Roberts, scientific mentorship on November 11, 2025| Leave a Comment »

In Memoriam: Nobel Laureate James D. Watson, Ph.D. (1928-2025)

Curator: Stephen J. Williams, Ph.D.

On Thursday November 6, 2025, Nobel Laureate Dr. James D. Watson passed away after a reported brief illness.  Although well known for his discovery of the DNA double helix with Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkens using the crystallographic data of Rosalind Franklin, Dr. Watson had contributed other seminal findings to the fields of biology and cancer, as well as his mentoring of young scientists.  Therefore  it is only fitting to curate some of the commentary on his life and passing in the words of the institutions and the renowned scientists he had mentored.

The world of science bids farewell to one of its most brilliant and controversial figures, Dr. James Dewey Watson, who passed away on 6th November 2025 at the age of 97. Best known as one of the co-discoverers of the double-helix structure of DNA, Watson’s name became synonymous with a new era in genetics and molecular biology. His life, filled with intellectual daring, unyielding curiosity, and deep contributions to science and education, forever altered humanity’s understanding of the genetic code that defines life itself.

James Watson and Francis Crick with model of DNA double helix. The model was based on data from Rosalind Franklin and x ray diffraction analysis of Maurice Wilkins.

From Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, where Dr. Watson spent most of his scientific career:

Jim Watson made many contributions to science, education, public service, and especially Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL).

As a scientist, his and Francis Crick’s determination of the structure of DNA, based on data from Rosalind Franklin, Maurice Wilkins and their colleagues at King’s College London, was a pivotal moment in the life sciences. Watson, along with Crick and Wilkins were awarded the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Watson also received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Gerald Ford and the National Medal of Science from President Bill Clinton, among many other awards and prizes. While at Cambridge, Watson also carried out pioneering research on the structure of small viruses. At Harvard, Watson’s laboratory demonstrated the existence of mRNA, in parallel with a group at Cambridge, UK, led by Sydney Brenner. His laboratory also discovered important bacterial proteins that control gene expression and contributed to understanding how mRNA is translated into proteins.

As an author, Watson wrote two books at Harvard that were and remain best sellers. The textbook Molecular Biology of the Gene, published in 1965 (7th edition, 2020), changed the nature of science textbooks, and its style was widely emulated. The Double Helix (1968) was a sensation at the time of publication. Watson’s account of the events that resulted in the elucidation of the structure of DNA remains controversial, but still widely read.

As a public servant, Watson successfully guided the first years of the Human Genome Project, persuading scientists to take part and politicians to provide funding. He created the Ethical, Legal and Social Issues (ELSI) program because of his concerns about misuse of the fruits of the project.

Watson’s association with Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory began in 1947 when he came as a graduate student with his supervisor, Salvador Luria. Luria, with Max Delbruck, was teaching the legendary Phage Course. Watson returned repeatedly to CSHL, most notably in 1953 when he gave the first public presentation of the DNA double helix at that year’s annual Symposium. He became a CSHL trustee in 1965.

CSHL was created in 1964 by the merger of two institutes that existed in Cold Spring Harbor since 1890 and 1902, respectively. In 1968, Watson became the second director when he was 40 years old. John Cairns, the first director, had begun to revive the institute but it was still not far short of being destitute when Watson took charge. He immediately showed his great skills in choosing important topics for research, selecting scientists and raising funds.

Also in 1968, Watson married Elizabeth (Liz) Lewis, and they have lived on the CSHL campus their entire lives together. Jim and Liz have two sons, Rufus and Duncan. As with the former Directors, they fostered close relationships with the local Cold Spring Harbor community.

In 1969, Watson focused research at CSHL on cancer, specifically on DNA viruses that cause cancer. The study of these viruses resulted in many fundamental discoveries of important biological processes, including the Nobel prize-winning discovery of RNA splicing. Watson was the first Director of CSHL’s National Cancer Institute-designated Cancer Center, which remains today.

Watson was passionate about science education and promoting research through meetings and courses. Meetings began at CSHL in 1933 with the Symposium series, and the modern advanced courses started with the Phage course in 1945. Watson greatly expanded both programs, making CSHL the leading venue for learning the latest research in the life sciences. Publishing also increased, notably of laboratory manuals, epitomized by Molecular Cloning, and several journals began, led by Genes & Development and later Genome Research. He encouraged the creation of the DNA Learning Center, unique in providing hands-on genetic education for high-school students. There are now DNA Learning Centers throughout the world.

Through a substantial gift to CSHL in 1973 by Charles Robertson, Watson started the Banbury Center on the Robertsons’ 54-acre estate in nearby Lloyd Harbor. Today, this center functions as an important “think tank” for advancing research and policies on many issues related to life and medical sciences.

 

From the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) and contributions to cancer research

James D. Watson, PhD

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Cold Spring Harbor, New York

Class of 2013

A renowned molecular biologist, teacher, and author, Dr. Watson is best known as the co-discoverer of the double-helix structure of DNA, for which he won the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. First announced in early April 1953 by the director of the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge, the discovery went largely unnoticed until a paper reporting it appeared in the April 25, 1953, issue of Nature. Prominent biologists later described the finding as the most important scientific discovery of the 20th century.

Dr. Watson headed the Human Genome Project at the National Institutes of Health from 1990 to 1992. In 2007, he became the second person to publish his personal fully sequenced genome online. Ahead of his time as usual, he said he did so to “encourage the development of an era of personalized medicine”, in which information contained in our genomes can be used to identify and prevent disease and to create individualized medical therapies. – He has written several highly regarded molecular biology textbooks and in 1968 published a personal account in The Double Helix, which became one of Modern Library ‘s 100 Best Nonfiction Books.

Career Highlights

2001 Benjamin Franklin Medal for Distinguished Achievement in the Sciences
2000 The Liberty Medal, National Constitution Center
1999 Honorary Member, AACR
1997 National Medal of Science, National Science Foundation
1994-2004 President, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
1993 Copley Medal of the Royal Society of London
1988-1992 Director, Human Genome Project, NIH
1971 John J. Carty Award in Molecular Biology, National Academy of Sciences
1975 Elected Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences
2002 Gairdner Foundation International Award
1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
1960 Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research
1959 Eli Lilly Award in Biological Chemistry
1959 John Collins Warren Prize, Massachusetts General Hospital
1950 PhD, Indiana University, Bloomington

Source: https://www.aacr.org/professionals/membership/aacr-academy/fellows/james-d-watson-phd/?gad_source=5&gad_campaignid=21152407190&gclid=EAIaIQobChMI_JDVpozlkAMVVV1yCh2S3jjEEAAYBSAAEgKgwPD_BwE 

Read a wonderful biography on OncoDaily https://oncodaily.com/history/hall-of-fame/james-watson-and-dna

In the Words of Colleagues who Worked With Dr. James Watson

Philip Sharp

Molecular biologist Phillip Allen Sharp received the 1993 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine for his discovery of splicing of introns and exons or “split genes.” He found that these genes are the most common type of gene structure in higher organisms, including humans. He shared the prize with Richard John Roberts, who discovered split genes independently of Sharp. The discovery of split genes has been of fundamental importance to basic research in biology as well as medical research on the development of cancer and other diseases. The discovery of split genes led to the prediction of the genetic process of splicing.

Here is a great interview with Nobel Laureate Dr. Philip Sharp and working with Jim Watson at Cold Spring Harbor Labs

Watch Video

These are the parts of the transcript he talk about working with Jim Watson.  Note he also seeked out David Baltimore to do a postdoctoral fellowship at MIT on viruses.

Transcript:

Sharp: So I also wanted to begin to work with human cells. And I wanted to work with viruses that infected human cells, because, again, I could isolate their DNA. And I could understand that DNA. And I got that experience from working with Jerry Vinograd at Caltech, who was also a professor there. And I collaborated with him and Norman once while I was there. So I wanted to learn virology. And I contacted three labs to do a second postdoc for a period of time. Dave Baltimore, who was here at MIT, Howard Temin up at Wisconsin, and Jim Watson at Cold Spring Harbor. And Jim invited me to come to Cold Spring Harbor. I moved there to start working with animal viruses. He had just come down from Harvard to take over Cold Spring Harbor and was expanding the tumor virus program there.So I joined that program and started to work with mammalian cells and DNA tumor viruses that cause tumors in animals. But to me they were a tool as well to begin to look at gene structure and function in the human cells.

INTERVIEWER: So as a humanist, for lack of a better word, you were interested on some level in the potential for the curative powers of biology by studying viruses; but as a chemist you saw viruses as this platform, a window, into the structure of DNA.

SHARP: That’s right, and the structure of cells. How the complex human cell worked. Because in the early 1970s, we really didn’t have the tools to begin to understand the biology, molecular biology, or cell biology of human cells. It was really a totally unexplored at the level of a gene and how it functioned. And I saw this as a chemist as a tool that I could move into that question. And I knew that question was central to human biology. I mean, you can’t understand the biology of an organism without understanding the gene. So it seemed pretty apparent to me. It’s sort of written on the wall, understand what the gene is. And so I, you know, had multiple reasons to begin these studies. Some was, you know, how cancer developed. Others were fundamental. What was a gene.

INTERVIEWER: Most people who’ve understood James Watson by reputation at the time that you went to study with him viewed him as a towering pillar of science who had answered an enormously important question in biology for all time. But when you went to study with him, you were, in fact, seeing it from the other side, that, in fact, Watson’s work was just the beginning of an extremely long journey that we’re still on. How did he understand that we were at the beginning of something, versus how you understood it. And how did that work in your relationship?

SHARP: Jim at that stage, you know, he had done so much. He had discovered the structure of DNA. He’d built the Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry at Harvard, the most outstanding department in the country focused on that. Written his text book, The Molecular Biology of the Gene, which was the introduction to students of this fascinating field. And took over Cold Spring Harbor and resurrected from a lab that was not going to survive much longer. He constructed, he understood that DNA was a critical tool in understanding complex biology. And that this subject would lead to increasing insights. He obviously had a much greater vision of all the relationships of, you know, different parts of biology to these questions than I did. And he gathered around him very bright, energetic, interesting people. And he’s sort of chit chatted at the top, left him alone. And when he found something that was interesting that happened in that mix, he would sort of pluck it out and say, “nice work”, you know. “Write that up. Tell other people about that.” And so he played that sort of, you know, very senior mentor and creator of a community. And in that community, I found some really wonderful people, very talented people. Joe Sambrook who I collaborated with. And Ulf Pettersson and Mike Botchan and a whole host of others who are now all leaders around the world. So it was just a very stimulating environment.

INTERVIEWER: Again, this sense of a team of people working at the top of their game, focused in any way they can, using all the disciplines of knowledge at their disposal on the problems that excite them.

SHARP: That’s true, and a team in which there are different disciplines. Jim understood this, that he needed someone with more physical chemistry; and he needed someone with chemistry. And he needed a biologist. And he needed this biochemist. And he sort of, you know, mixed people that would complement one another. And I was the individual who came in with a broad interest in biology, new and physical chemistry, new electron microscopy. And there was a lot of people in the environment that were virologists and cell biologists who needed this sort of tools to do their science. So we complemented each other and stimulated each other.

Sir Richard John Roberts, Ph.D.

Sir Richard John Roberts was co-awarded with Philip Sharp the 1993 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discovery of RNA splicing.  They both worked at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratories.  Dr. Roberts also discovered numerous restriction enzymes which he used to develop DNA sequencing of complex genomes. He also co-founded New England BioLabs. Below is an interesting interview of his quick hiring interview with Jim Watson and his time at Cold Spring Harbor Labs.

 

 

 

Other Notable Scientists Who Have been Mentored and interacted with Dr. Watson

Antonio Giordano, M.D., Ph,D.

Dr. Giordano is the President and Founder of the Sbarro Health Research Organization and Professor in Biology at Temple University and ‘chiara fama’ Professor of Anatomic Pathology in the Department of Medical Biotechnology at the University of Siena, in Siena, Italy.  He discovered the tumor suppressor RBL2/p130 and showed its alteration in multiple tumor types, showing the first molecular evidence that causually linked proliferation and cancer.  In addition he has discovered cyclin dependent kinases CDK9 and CDK10, as well as other regulators and development of new classes of inhibitors of the cell cycle.

Dr. Antonio Giordano with his mentor and colleague Dr. James Watson. Dr. James Dewey Watson discovered the structure of the DNA molecule with Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkens, whom he also received the Nobel Prize for. On the left is a signed copy to Dr. Giordano of Watson’s book the Double Helix.

 

Other articles of relevance on James Watson and the DNA Helix on this Open Access Journal include:

switching on genes

The Human Genome Gets Fully Sequenced: A Simplistic Take on Century Long Effort

The Search for the Genetic Code

International Award for Human Genome Project

Cracking the Genome – Inside the Race to Unlock Human DNA – quotes in newspapers

The Human Genome Project

Junk DNA and Breast Cancer

A Perspective on Personalized Medicine

 

 

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News from AACR; In Memoriam: Nobel Leaureate David Baltimore, Ph.D.

Posted in CANCER BIOLOGY & Innovations in Cancer Therapy, Nobel Prize Winners, Oncolytic virus & OncoViro-Therapy, RNA Biology, Cancer and Therapeutics, virology, tagged BCR-ABL, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), nobel leureates, Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine, retrovirus, reverse transcriptase, RNA virus, tumor virus, tumorigenicity, viral oncogenesis on November 8, 2025| Leave a Comment »

News from AACR; In Memoriam: Nobel Leaureate David Baltimore, Ph.D.

Stephen J. Williams, Ph.D.: Reporter

Source: From AACR  Source: https://www.aacr.org/professionals/membership/in-memoriam/david-baltimore/ 

In Memoriam: David Baltimore

(03/07/1938 – 09/06/2025)Member since 2013

David Baltimore, PhD, FAACR, a Fellow of the AACR Academy and a towering figure in modern biology whose insights reshaped cancer research and biomedical science, died on September 6, 2025, at the age of 87.

Baltimore’s career was defined by transformative discoveries. In 1975, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, alongside Renato Dulbecco and Howard Temin, for elucidating how tumor viruses interact with the genetic material of the cell. His discovery of reverse transcriptase overturned one of the central dogmas of molecular biology by showing that genetic information could flow from RNA back to DNA. This single revelation opened countless new frontiers in virology, immunology, oncology, and genetics, laying the foundation for decades of scientific advances influencing the fundamental understanding of retroviruses such as HIV, and driving the development of modern gene therapies and mRNA-based technologies.

Following his groundbreaking work in virology, Baltimore expanded his focus to the immune system, pioneering research on how mammalian immunity can be harnessed to combat cancer. His quintessential vision and curiosity fueled entire fields of inquiry, and his scholarship bridged basic science with clinical potential.

Born in New York City in 1938, Baltimore earned his undergraduate degree from Swarthmore College and a doctorate from Rockefeller University in 1964. His early independent research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and the Salk Institute quickly established him as one of the most original scientific thinkers of his generation. At just 30 years old, he became an associate professor at MIT, where he would spend much of his career shaping both science and the careers of a plethora of researchers who would subsequently establish themselves as leaders in the global cancer research community.

Baltimore served in distinguished leadership roles throughout his storied career, including as president of Rockefeller University and later of the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), where he guided the institution through a decade of growth and scientific excellence. At Caltech, he held the Robert Andrews Millikan Professorship of Biology, and later the Judge Shirley Hufstedler Professorship of Biology, titles that underscored his standing as both a scientist and mentor with an enduring legacy.

Beyond the laboratory and university walls, Baltimore’s voice carried weight in national and international science policy forums. He was a leading advocate for federal investment in AIDS research, co-chaired the National Academy of Sciences Committee on a National Strategy for AIDS in 1986, and led the NIH AIDS Vaccine Research Committee a decade later. He also played an active role in shaping consensus guidelines on genetic engineering, thereby ensuring that scientific innovation proceeded with ethical responsibility.

Throughout his lifetime, Baltimore received innumerable honors, including election to the National Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Medicine, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He was recognized with the National Medal of Science, the AMA Scientific Achievement Award, and the Lasker-Koshland Special Achievement Award in Medical Science. He also served as president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and was elected to the inaugural class of Fellows of the AACR Academy in 2013.

Perhaps as significant as his discoveries, was Baltimore’s role as a mentor. He trained and inspired generations of scientists who themselves went on to make landmark contributions in cancer biology, immunology, and virology. Many of his mentees later achieved the highest levels of recognition in the field, including election as Fellows of the AACR Academy. His intellectual generosity and willingness to champion young investigators created a legacy of discovery that continues to reverberate to this day and will help to advance future researchers in the years to come.

David Baltimore’s life was one of restless inquiry, bold imagination, and unwavering dedication to science. His revolutionary discoveries continue to transform cancer medicine and deepen our understanding of life itself. The cancer research community—and indeed, all of biomedical science—mourns the loss of one of its most visionary and impactful leaders.

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Real Time Conference Coverage: Advancing Precision Medicine Conference,Morning Session Track 1 October 3 2025

Posted in Biological Networks, Cancer Genomics, Clinical Genomics, Evidence-based decision-making, Nobel Prize Winners, REAL TIME Conference Coverage Twitter's Hashtags and Handles per Presentation/session, Single Cell Genomics, Transcriptomics, Translational Research, Translational Science, tagged Advancing Precision Medicine, biomedical collaboration, gene expression profiling, genomics, HIF-1a, international consortium, liquid biopsy, mutational specrum, nobel leureates, oncogenes, Personalized and Precision Medicine & Genomic Research, Transcriptomics, Warburg Effect on October 3, 2025| Leave a Comment »

Real Time Conference Coverage: Advancing Precision Medicine Conference,Morning Session Track 1 October 3 2025

Reporter: Stephen J. Williams, PhD

Leaders in Pharmaceutical Business Intellegence will be covering this conference LIVE over X.com at

@pharma_BI

@StephenJWillia2

@AVIVA1950

@AdvancingPM

using the following meeting hashtags

#AdvancingPM #precisionmedicine #WINSYMPO2025

 

Agenda Track 1: WIN Symposium

WIN SYMPOSIUM

Co-Chairs

Wafik S. El-Deiry, MD, PhD, FACP, Chair, WIN Consortium, Director, Legorreta Cancer Center Brown University, Director, Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Brown University Health; Associate Dean, Oncologic Sciences, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University; Attending Physician, Hematology/Oncology, Brown University Health Mencoff Family University; Professor of Medical Science, Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University; Professor, American Cancer Society Research Professor

Razelle Kurzrock, MD, FACP, Chief Medical Officer, WIN Consortium; Professor of Medicine, Associate Director, Clinical Research, Linda T. and John A. Mellowes Chair of Precision Oncology, MCW Cancer Center and Linda T. & John A. Mellowes Center for Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine

MULTI-OMICS

Chair

Arutha Kulasinghe, PhD, Associate Professor, Frazer Institute, University of Queensland; Founding Scientific Director, Queensland Spatial Biology Centre

8:40 – 9:00

Welcome and Introduction

Wafik S. El-Deiry, MD, PhD, FACP, Chair, WIN Consortium, Director, Legorreta Cancer Center Brown University, Director, Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Brown University Health; Associate Dean, Oncologic Sciences, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University; Attending Physician, Hematology/Oncology, Brown University Health Mencoff Family University; Professor of Medical Science, Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University; Professor,American Cancer Society Research Professor

Dr. El-Diery welcomes all to this joint symposium with Advancing Precision Medicine and the Win Consortium, which he is currently the head of.  More in the WIN Consortium: (Worldwide Innovation Network Consortium in Precision Oncology).  The WIN Network  is involved in setting up internationalclinical tumor board collaboration

Source: https://winconsortium.org/ 

WIN was formed on the premise that we can accomplish more together than each organization can achieve working alone. We aim to improve cancer patients’ survival and quality of life. View WIN’s history and unique attributes:

• 01
  WIN History
• 02
  Diversity of Stakeholders – WIN Members
• 03
  Studies with a diverse, gender equality global population
• 04
  Sharing information to promote use of personalized, targeted cancer therapy: WIN Symposia

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Clinical trials, projects and publications

WIN members collaboratively design and carry out global studies designed to achieve breakthroughs for patients worldwide. Our distinguished Scientific Advisory Board oversees WIN studies. Current trials include:

• 01
  Identification of a central network hub of key prognostic genes based on correlation between transcriptomics and survival in patients with metastatic solid tumors
• 02
  Digital Display Precision Predictor: the prototype of a global biomarker model to guide treatments
• 03
  SPRING – Landmark Lung Cancer Tri-Therapy Clinical Trial
• 04
  WINTHER: the WIN Consortium’s first global personalized medicine clinical trial, published in Nature Medicine

View a summary of the WIN Consortium here:

Click to access Brochure_WIN_v24.0_2025_08_13__.pdf

They guide WIN’s strategic, operational, and scientific direction.

OrganizationThe WIN Consortium is organized in the following groups who collectively work together to achieve WIN’s common goals

 

 

Nigel Russell, Founder and CEO, Advancing Precision Medicine

Christopher P. Molineaux, President & Chief Executive Officer, Life Science Pennsylvania

Life Sciences Pennsylvania (LSPA) is the statewide trade association for the commonwealth’s life sciences industry. Founded in 1989, LSPA works to ensure Pennsylvania has a business and public policy climate that makes the commonwealth the most attractive location to open and operate a life sciences company. Our membership is comprised of organizations statewide, representing the entire ecosystem of the life sciences: research institutions, biotechnology, medical device, diagnostic, pharmaceutical, and investment entities, along with service providers who support the industry. Together, we unify Pennsylvania’s innovators to make the Commonwealth a global life sciences leader.

As president & CEO of Life Sciences Pennsylvania, Christopher Molineaux serves as the chief advocate and spokesman for the life sciences industry that calls Pennsylvania home. Molineaux oversees the strategic direction for the association, assuring Life Sciences Pennsylvania continues to be the catalyst that makes Pennsylvania the top location for life sciences companies.

Molineaux brings to Life Sciences Pennsylvania more than 25 years of experience in the bio-pharmaceutical and health care industries, with front-line experience in developing and executing strategies to navigate a shifting economic and political environment.

9:00-9:40

Keynote Lecture – WIN Consortium

Targeting the Achilles’ Heel of Cancer: Synthetic Lethality and Hypoxia in Precision Oncology

William G. Kaelin, Jr, MD,  2019 Nobel Laureate, Sidney Farber Professor, Harvard Medical School and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

William Kaelin was born in New York City. He studied chemistry and mathematics at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, and received his doctor of medicine degree there in 1982. He then did his residency at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland. In 2002 he became a professor at Harvard Medical School in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Work

 

Animals need oxygen for the conversion of food into useful energy. The importance of oxygen has been understood for centuries, but how cells adapt to changes in levels of oxygen has long been unknown. William Kaelin, Peter Ratcliffe, and Gregg Semenza discovered how cells can sense and adapt to changing oxygen availability. During the 1990s they identified a molecular machinery that regulates the activity of genes in response to varying levels of oxygen. The discoveries may lead to new treatments of anemia, cancer and many other diseases.

TRACK 1  204BC

 

WIN SYMPOSIUM

MULTI-OMICS

9:40 – 10:40

SESSION 1

From Base Pairs To Better Care:

AI and Omics in Precision Oncology

9:40-10:00

Multi-Omic Profiling and Clinical Decision Support in Precision Oncology

David Spetzler, PhD, MBA, MS,  President, Caris Life Sciences

10:00-10:20

Integrating Omics and AI for Next-Gen Precision Oncology

Keith T. Flaherty, MD, FAACR, Director of Clinical Research, Massachusetts General Cancer Center; Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School;
President-Elect: 2025-2026, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) 

10:20-10:40

Real-World Data and AI in Precision Oncology: Making Data Work for Patients – Q&A

MODERATOR: Jeff Elton, PhD, Vice Chairman, Founding CEO
ConcertAI

PANELISTS: David Spetzler, PhD, MBA, MS, President, Caris Life Sciences

Keith T. Flaherty, MD, FAACR, Director of Clinical Research, Massachusetts General Cancer Center; Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School;
President-Elect: 2025-2026, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) 

0:40 – 11:10

Break and Exhibits

TRACK 1  204BC

TRACK 2  204A

WIN SYMPOSIUM

MULTI-OMICS

11:10 – 1:10

SESSION 2

The Evolution of Precision Oncology:

Integrating MRD, AI, and Beyond

11:10-12:00

Precision Cancer Consortium

Gabriele Allegri, MBA, Vice President, Global Commercial Precision Medicine, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine

Shruti Mathur, MS, Pharma Diagnostic Strategy Leader, Global Product Strategy (GPS), Genentech

Daryl Pritchard, PhD, Interim President, Personalized Medicine Coalition

Keith T. Flaherty, MD, FAACR, Director of Clinical Research, Massachusetts General Cancer Center; Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School;
President-Elect: 2025-2026, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) 

SESSION 3

The Shifting Landscape:

Tumor Plasticity and Resistance

12:00-12:20

Mathematical and Evolutionary Modeling in Precision Radiation Oncology

Jacob Scott, MD, DPhil, Professor and Staff Physician-Scientist, CWRU School of Medicine and Cleveland Clinic

12:20-12:40

Plasticity and Persistence: The Role of EMT in Cancer Progression and Therapy Resistance

Sendurai A. Mani, PhD, Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University; Associate Director of Translational Oncology, Brown University Legorreta Cancer Center

12:40-1:00

Targeting Molecularly Defined Subsets: Challenges in Translational Oncology

Benedito A. Carneiro, MD, MS, Director, Clinical Research
Director, Cancer Drug Development; Associate Director, Division of Hematology/Oncology
Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University Health

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AACR 2023 Meeting Highlights: Reports from Plenary Sessions and Major Symposium Talks

Posted in Breast Cancer - impalpable breast lesions, Cancer - General, Cancer and Current Therapeutics, CANCER BIOLOGY & Innovations in Cancer Therapy, cancer metabolism, Conference Coverage with Social Media, Glycobiology: Biopharmaceutical Production, Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics, Interviews with Key Opinion Leaders (KOLs), Metastasis Process, Nobel Prize Winners, REAL TIME Conference Coverage Twitter's Hashtags and Handles per Presentation/session, Women Health, women in science, tagged AACR, AACR#23, breast cancer, Carolyn Bertozzi, glycobiology, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine on May 19, 2024| Leave a Comment »

AACR 2023 Meeting Highlights: Reports from Plenary Sessions and Major Symposium Talks

Reporter: Stephen J. Williams, Ph.D.

Highlights from Sunday April 16,2023

Nobel Laureate will discuss her work investigating the glycobiology of cancer

Source: AACR Meeting News

---

Carolyn R. Bertozzi, PhD, shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2022 for her invention of bioorthogonal chemistry, which is a class of chemical reactions that are compatible with living systems. These chemistries allow researchers to explore molecular imaging and drug targeting without interfering with natural biological processes. Bertozzi’s AACR Award for Outstanding Achievement in Chemistry in Cancer Research, and her lecture, focus on the glycobiology of cancer.

“There is a family of receptors on immune cells that bind carbohydrates,” said Bertozzi, Baker Family Director of the Sarafan ChEM-H Institute and Anne T. and Robert M. Bass Professor of Chemistry at Stanford University. “Called the ‘sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins’ — abbreviated Siglecs — these receptors bind carbohydrates that possess the sugar sialic acid. There are 14 Siglec family members in humans and they are found in various combinations on every type of immune cell — T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, NK cells, all of the immune cell types that are important in anti-cancer immunity. As tumors progress, they often overexpress sialoglycan ligands for Siglecs, which allows them to engage these receptors and suppress immune-cell reactivity. We have focused on developing immune therapies that disrupt Siglec-ligand interactions.”

Bertozzi will discuss this area of her research during her award lecture, Targeting the Glycocalyx for Cancer Immune Therapy, at 4:30 p.m. ET Sunday in Tangerine Ballroom 3-4 (WF3-4) at the convention center.

“The signaling biochemistry of the Siglec family of checkpoint receptors is similar to the signaling biochemistry that PD-1 participates in,” Bertozzi explained. “They are like PD-1 except that they bind sugars rather than proteins, and they are present on every type of immune cell, including activated T cells, but also myeloid-derived cell types.”

“Glycobiology is an important area to become more familiar with if you want to truly be able to move the needle,” she said. “The science we have uncovered has led to the identification of exciting new targets, which has enabled us to invent new therapeutic modalities.”

Familiar small molecules and antibodies are of marginal use in targeting sugars, Bertozzi explained. Because carbohydrates are different types of molecules than traditional cancer targets, they need nontraditional mechanisms of action.A new class of targeted enzymes can edit the cell surface glycocalyx (or sugar coating) and deprive cancers of their ability to engage Siglec receptors. Without the broad inhibitory activity of Siglecs, the immune system remains free to engage and, hopefully, destroy tumors. At least one investigative agent is in phase I human trials and is poised to move into phase II.

“Glycobiology might explain why so many patients don’t respond to anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 antibodies,” Bertozzi said. “We think a large fraction of tumors suppress the immune response through Siglec engagement.”

Other Articles on Real Time Coverage of AACR Meetings on this Open Access Scientific Journal Include:

Part Two: List of BioTech Conferences 2013 to Present

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Chemistry Nobelist Carolyn Bertozzi’s years at UC Berkeley

Posted in Interviews with Scientific Leaders, Nobel Prize Winners on October 24, 2022| Leave a Comment »

Chemistry Nobelist Carolyn Bertozzi’s years at UC Berkeley

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

Article ID #298: Chemistry Nobelist Carolyn Bertozzi’s years at UC Berkeley. Published on 10/24/2022

WordCloud Image Produced by Adam Tubman

 

UPDATED on 12/8/2022

Watch the Nobel Prize lectures in chemistry

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Carolyn R. Bertozzi: The Bioorthogonal Chemistry Journey, from Laboratory to Life
Morten Meldal: Molecular Click Adventures, a Leap from Shoulders of Giants
K. Barry Sharpless: Click Chemistry: the Certainty of Chance

 

Press release: The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2022

English
English (pdf)
Swedish
Swedish (pdf)

5 October 2022

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2022 to

Carolyn R. Bertozzi
Stanford University, CA, USA

Morten Meldal
University of Copenhagen, Denmark

K. Barry Sharpless
Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA

“for the development of click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry”

It just says click – and the molecules are coupled together

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2022 is about making difficult processes easier. Barry Sharpless and Morten Meldal have laid the foundation for a functional form of chemistry – click chemistry – in which molecular building blocks snap together quickly and efficiently. Carolyn Bertozzi has taken click chemistry to a new dimension and started utilising it in living organisms.

Chemists have long been driven by the desire to build increasingly complicated molecules. In pharmaceutical research, this has often involved artificially recreating natural molecules with medicinal properties. This has led to many admirable molecular constructions, but these are generally time consuming and very expensive to produce.

“This year’s Prize in Chemistry deals with not overcomplicating matters, instead working with what is easy and simple. Functional molecules can be built even by taking a straightforward route,” says Johan Åqvist, Chair of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry.

Barry Sharpless – who is now being awarded his second Nobel Prize in Chemistry – started the ball rolling. Around the year 2000, he coined the concept of click chemistry, which is a form of simple and reliable chemistry, where reactions occur quickly and unwanted by-products are avoided.

Shortly afterwards, Morten Meldal and Barry Sharpless – independently of each other – presented what is now the crown jewel of click chemistry: the copper catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition. This is an elegant and efficient chemical reaction that is now in widespread use. Among many other uses, it is utilised in the development of pharmaceuticals, for mapping DNA and creating materials that are more fit for purpose.

Carolyn Bertozzi took click chemistry to a new level. To map important but elusive biomolecules on the surface of cells – glycans – she developed click reactions that work inside living organisms. Her bioorthogonal reactions take place without disrupting the normal chemistry of the cell.

These reactions are now used globally to explore cells and track biological processes. Using bioorthogonal reactions, researchers have improved the targeting of cancer pharmaceuticals, which are now being tested in clinical trials.

Click chemistry and bioorthogonal reactions have taken chemistry into the era of functionalism. This is bringing the greatest benefit to humankind.

https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2022/press-release/

 

Carolyn Bertozzi’s Years at Berkeley

By Robert Sanders, Media relations| OCTOBER 5, 2022

Carolyn Bertozzi as a young professor at UC Berkeley. (Photo courtesy of College of Chemistry)

Carolyn Bertozzi, a professor at Stanford University who today shared the 2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, spent her formative and most creative years at UC Berkeley.

After graduating from Harvard University in 1988, she earned her Ph.D. in chemistry from Berkeley in 1993 and, following postdoctoral and faculty positions elsewhere, returned to join the chemistry faculty and Berkeley Lab in 1996.

For 19 years, until 2015 — the year she left to help lead Stanford’s Sarafan ChEM-H institute — she developed at Berkeley the chemical biology techniques for which she received the Nobel Prize. She calls these techniques bioorthogonal chemistry, building off the “click chemistry” developed by her Nobel Prize co-winners, K. Barry Sharpless of Scripps Research in La Jolla, California, and Morten Meldal of the University of Copenhagen in Denmark.

“Carolyn Bertozzi is a true trailblazer in chemical biology,” said Doug Clark, dean of the College of Chemistry. “Her lab is among the most prolific in the field, consistently producing innovative and enabling chemical approaches, inspired by organic synthesis, for the study of complex biomolecules in living cells. Carolyn’s work and spirit embody what is best about the scientific tradition and history of the College of Chemistry and of UC Berkeley.”

Carolyn Bertozzi, now the Anne T. and Robert M. Bass Professor in the School of Humanities and Sciences and a professor of chemistry at Stanford University. (Photo courtesy of Stanford University)

During a video press conference this morning from Stanford, Bertozzi, 55, described bioorthogonal chemistry as chemical reactions “not interacting with or interfering with biology.”

“What that means in practice is that we basically develop pairs of chemical groups, and those pairs of groups are perfectly suited for each other,” she said. “And when they encounter each other, they want to react and form a bond, and they love each other so much that you can surround those chemical groups with thousands of other chemicals — that’s what you have in biological systems, in your cells, in your body, there’s thousands of chemicals — but these two chemicals that are bioorthogonal will ignore all of that. And they’ll find each other and form a bond with each other, do chemistry with each other.”

Bertozzi’s rationale for developing these reactions was to study the sugars that coat the outside of cells — a field called glycobiology — that has been a passion of hers since her graduate student days at Berkeley. At Berkeley, she worked in the lab of Mark Bednarski, a young assistant professor and a rising star in the field of chemical biology, at the time a relatively new field in which the biochemical processes inside cells are manipulated and studied using techniques of organic chemistry.

In a 2011 interview, Bertozzi discussed the role Berkeley played in her career.

“I credit the UC Berkeley environment for catalyzing my interests in chemical biology and glycobiology from the outset, as I first learned about the opportunities in these fields as a graduate student in this very department,” she said. “I was encouraged to join the lab of a new professor, Mark Bednarski, and he introduced me to the chemistry and biology of sugars. I have been enraptured by this still-burgeoning area of science ever since, in light of the critical roles that sugars play in cell signaling, organ development, immunobiology and in numerous diseases.”

A friend and former colleague of Bertozzi’s at Berkeley, Matt Francis, now chair of the Department of Chemistry, was one of the first to congratulate Bertozzi today after the streamed announcement from Stockholm at 2:45 a.m. PDT, which he was watching. He immediately texted her congratulations.

Carolyn Bertozzi in 2001. (Photo credit: Peg Skorpinski)

“As soon as I heard her name in Swedish, I sent it, and I got an emoji back immediately — the shocked face emoji,” he said. “She’s a total rock star, and this is well deserved.”

Francis came to Berkeley in 2001, when Bertozzi was already well known for her research, and she was a critical academic mentor, he said.

“She did more than just do great science. She really mentored a lot of us who are on the faculty now and helped us get our groups off the ground and was always there to talk to us,” he said. “She was just a great colleague.”

She is equally known for mentoring students at both Berkeley and Stanford. She and Berkeley chemistry colleague Judith Klinman also were instrumental in establishing a chemical biology major within the chemistry department, which currently enrolls half the 480 undergraduates majoring in chemistry in the department.

During the Stanford press conference, Bertozzi explained what led to her Nobel Prize-winning work.

“Bioorthogonal chemistry was a tool that my lab created originally to study cell surface sugars — in fact, to image cell surface sugars using microscopes,” she said. “But then, it turned out to be so useful just as a platform for studying biology that lots of other labs picked up on it and started using those same chemistries to study other molecules, like proteins DNA and RNA. And they, and it turns out you, can study these molecules in live cells and in laboratory animals. And the most exciting development is now there’s a pharmaceutical company doing these chemistries inside the body of human cancer patients as a means to deliver drugs to cancers. So, the field has really progressed a long way in the last 25 years, and it’s very exciting for me to see this.”

She emphasized that her work built on that of co-winners Sharpless and Meldal.

“Before the advent of bioorthogonal chemistry and the related chemistry that professors Sharpless and Meldal developed, which they call click chemistry, there was really no way to study certain biological processes. They were just invisible to the scientists,” she said. “But these chemistries make those processes visible, and we have benefited from that — specifically, to study cell surface sugars.”

A photo of Carolyn Bertozzi taken the morning of Oct. 5, 2022, shortly after she heard that she had won the 2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. (Image credit: Andrew Brodhead)

The click chemistry reactions Sharpless and Meldal developed involved copper, however, which is often toxic to living cells. According to Francis, Bertozzi found a novel way around using copper.

“Carolyn’s lab came up with a way around it where they built strain into one of the molecules. In other words, they spring-loaded that molecule so it made it much more readily reactive without the copper,” he said. “And that is now what most people use to label live cell surfaces. It’s called strain promoted click chemistry. She really changed the way people think about the chemistry that we could do in a living organism.”

Francis said that copper-based click chemistry is arguably still faster and is used today in situations without living cells, but Bertozzi’s copperless click chemistry — as well as her previous work on the Bertozzi-Staudinger ligation — is the only technique that works in living cells.

Much of her research while at Berkeley was done in collaboration with scientists at Berkeley Lab. She was one of six Berkeley Lab scientists who led the establishment of the Molecular Foundry, a nanoscience research facility that provides scientists from around the world with access to cutting-edge expertise and instrumentation, and she served as its director from 2006 until 2010.

“It was a privilege to watch how the success of her (Bertozzi’s) discoveries unfolded here on the Berkeley campus and beyond,” said Clark, who also is a faculty scientist at Berkeley Lab. “On behalf of the College of Chemistry community, we extend our heartiest congratulations to Carolyn for her spectacular work and this well-deserved honor.”

https://news.berkeley.edu/2022/10/05/chemistry-nobelist-carolyn-bertozzis-years-at-uc-berkeley/

RELATED INFORMATION

• Nobel Prize announcement from the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
• Stanford University announcement
• Berkeley Lab story about Bertozzi’s Nobel Prize
• Q&A: Carolyn Bertozzi on her love affair with sugar biology (2011)
• UC Berkeley chemist, biologist, entrepreneur awarded $500,000 Lemelson-MIT Prize (2010)
• When is a mouse like a test tube? (2004)

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