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Archive for the ‘Anti-tumor necrosis factor drugs (TNF inhibitors)’ Category

Real Time Conference Coverage: Advancing Precision Medicine Conference, Early Morning Session Track 1 October 4 2025

Reporter: Stephen J. Williams, PhD

Leaders in Pharmaceutical Business Intellegence will be covering this conference LIVE over X.com at

@pharma_BI

@StephenJWillia2

@AVIVA1950

@AdvancingPM

using the following meeting hashtags

#AdvancingPM #precisionmedicine #WINSYMPO2025

 

8:55 – 10:35

SESSION 1

Precision For All:

Global Access, Real Cases, and Implementation Science

 

8:55-9:15

Results and Future Direction from WIN’s Data Science Paper

Razelle Kurzrock, MD

9:15-9:55

When Precision Gets Personal: WIN Consortium International Molecular Tumor Board Live

Andrea Ferreira-Gonzalez
Razelle Kurzrock, MD

Razelle Kurzrock, MD, FACP, Chief Medical Officer, WIN Consortium; Professor of Medicine, Associate Director, Clinical Research, Linda T. and John A. Mellowes Endowed Chair of Precision Oncology, MCW Cancer Center and Linda T. & John A. Mellowes Center for Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine

Notes from Live Tumor Board from Live Tweets

Tumor board Live… Molecular profiling great for identifying synthetic lethal combinations work very well… Many oncologist not accepting recommendations of molec tumor board

Tumor board Live . Oncologists don’t always accept tumor board recommendations based on molecular profiling… Dr Baptiste at first felt constrained to use single agent but WINTER combo trial with molec profiling better

Tumor board Live… Oncologist may give pushback when molecular therapeutic targets identified.. like when methylomics give a result and tumor board suggest temazolamide

Tumor board Live… Oncologist may give pushback when molecular therapeutic targets identified.. like when methylomics give a result and tumor board suggest temazolamide

Tumor board Live… Oncologist may give pushback when molecular therapeutic targets identified.. like when methylomics give a result and tumor board suggest temazolamide

Pemetrexemed not always working but MTAP inhibitions may work

Tumor board Live… Discussion of ovarian cancer case women first presented with CRC BRCA mut but failed PARP inhibitor board is looking at immunotherapy NGS IHC performed

#WINconsortium

Fusions being detected by RNAseq at rate of 100 per month

Tumor board Live…. Theranostics are becoming part of molec tumor board … Radio labeled dual diagnostic therapeutic antibodies

Tumor board Live… Molecular profiling great for identifying synthetic lethal combinations work very well… Many oncologist not accepting recommendations of molec tumor board

SESSION 2

Expanding the Precision Frontier

9:55-10:25

Precision Oncology in the Immunotherapy Era: Biomarkers and Clinical Trial Innovation

Razelle Kurzrock, MD

Lillian Siu, MD, President, AACR 2025-2026; Director, Phase I Clinical Trials Program; Co-Director, Robert and Maggie Bras and Family Drug Development Program Clinical Lead, Tumor Immunotherapy Program; BMO Chair, Precision Cancer Genomics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre Professor of Medicine, University of Toronto

  • Princess Margaret CC went to Merck got pembrolizumab from them but built a team platform of clinicians and scientists to work on INSPIRE trial
  • $11 million of grants, 13 major papers, great team science
  • did ctDNA from liquid biopsy and also looked at methylation patterns in cfDNA
  • looked at IFN stimulation and outcome to pembrolizumab
  • retro transposable elements found in INSPIRE program, maybe a predictor of immune sensitivity
  • they were able to correlate some of their findings with spatial omics
  • using spatial data they could look at hot versus cold head and neck cancer
  •  factors for response to immunotherapy: TMB, t cell infiltrate,  PDL1 etc
  • using AI with IHC slides as well as NGS data sets
  • as clinical trials become multiomics and AI with multiomics platforms data sharing will be critical for success

10:25 – 10:35

The Microbiome and Its Role in Cancer Development and Treatment Response

Razelle Kurzrock, MD

Sabine Hazan, MD, CEO, Ventura Clinical Trials; CEO, Progenabiome

  • microbiome research at the infancy so we don’t know much when comes to oncology
  • we need to compare microbiome between persons using NGS and other omics
  • we all have different microbiome even though microbiome ‘healthy’
  • lots of factors affect microbiome including surgery
  • families are similar in their microbiome but when looking at Alzheimers there are differences
  • first lab to find whole COVID in the stools
  • virus was different in different people, difference spike proteins. Virus mutates from lung to stool (gut)
  • in intrafamily patients had different microbiome upon COVID infection
  • bifodobacteria was found as a major part of microbiome altered in COVID but also lots of other diseases
  • lots of examples of host microbial symbiosis
  • they had an instance with throat tumor treated with microbiome and tumor receded without chemo
  • in a glioblastoma microbiome adjustment helped but changed positive response to immunotherapy

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Gender affects the prevalence of the cancer type, Volume 2 (Volume Two: Latest in Genomics Methodologies for Therapeutics: Gene Editing, NGS and BioInformatics, Simulations and the Genome Ontology), Part 1: Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)

Reporter and Curator: Dr. Sudipta Saha, Ph.D.

 

Gender of a person can affect the kinds of cancer-causing mutations they develop, according to a genomic analysis spanning nearly 2,000 tumours and 28 types of cancer. The results show striking differences in the cancer-causing mutations found in people who are biologically male versus those who are biologically female — not only in the number of mutations lurking in their tumours, but also in the kinds of mutations found there.

 

Liver tumours from women were more likely to carry mutations caused by a faulty system of DNA mending called mismatch repair, for instance. And men with any type of cancer were more likely to exhibit DNA changes thought to be linked to a process that the body uses to repair DNA with two broken strands. These biases could point researchers to key biological differences in how tumours develop and evolve across sexes.

 

The data add to a growing realization that sex is important in cancer, and not only because of lifestyle differences. Lung and liver cancer, for example, are more common in men than in women — even after researchers control for disparities in smoking or alcohol consumption. The source of that bias, however, has remained unclear.

In 2014, the US National Institutes of Health began encouraging researchers to consider sex differences in preclinical research by, for example, including female animals and cell lines from women in their studies. And some studies have since found sex-linked biases in the frequency of mutations in protein-coding genes in certain cancer types, including some brain cancers and advanced melanoma.

 

But the present study is the most comprehensive study of sex differences in tumour genomes so far. It looks at mutations not only in genes that code for proteins, but also in the vast expanses of DNA that have other functions, such as controlling when genes are turned on or off. The study also compares male and female genomes across many different cancers, which can allow researchers to pick up on additional patterns of DNA mutations, in part by increasing the sample sizes.

 

Researchers analysed full genome sequences gathered by the International Cancer Genome Consortium. They looked at differences in the frequency of 174 mutations known to drive cancer, and found that some of these mutations occurred more frequently in men than in women, and vice versa. When they looked more broadly at the loss or duplication of DNA segments in the genome, they found 4,285 sex-biased genes spread across 15 chromosomes.

 

There were also differences found when some mutations seemed to arise during tumour development, suggesting that some cancers follow different evolutionary paths in men and women. Researchers also looked at particular patterns of DNA changes. Such patterns can, in some cases, reflect the source of the mutation. Tobacco smoke, for example, leaves behind a particular signature in the DNA.

 

Taken together, the results highlight the importance of accounting for sex, not only in clinical trials but also in preclinical studies. This could eventually allow researchers to pin down the sources of many of the differences found in this study. Liver cancer is roughly three times as common in men as in women in some populations, and its incidence is increasing in some countries. A better understanding of its aetiology may turn out to be really important for prevention strategies and treatments.

 

References:

 

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-00562-7?utm_source=Nature+Briefing

 

https://www.nature.com/news/policy-nih-to-balance-sex-in-cell-and-animal-studies-1.15195

 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26296643

 

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/507939v1

 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25985759

 

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Anti-tumor necrosis factor drugs (TNF inhibitors) is the treatment for otulipenia, a new inflammatory disease discovered by NIH researchers using NGS – Inflammation

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

NIH researchers discover otulipenia, a new inflammatory disease – Rare and sometimes lethal disease affects young children

An international network of scientists studying inflammatory diseases identified four children from Pakistani and Turkish families with unexplained skin rashes and inflamed joints. NIH scientists then searched for disease-causing genes using next-generation DNA sequencing, technology that allows researchers to sequence DNA quickly and economically.

Once they found that the OTULIN gene was abnormal in the sick children, they studied the immune pathway in order to understand the mechanisms of disease and to improve treatment of these patients. They discovered a problem in the processing of a small protein, ubiquitin, which is critical to the regulation of many other proteins in the body, including immune molecules. In the affected children, the inability to remove the ubiquitin proteins from various molecules resulted in an increased production of chemical messengers that lead to inflammation (inflammatory cytokines).

The researchers determined that the children with otulipenia might respond to drugs that turned off tumor necrosis factor, a chemical messenger involved in systemic inflammation. Inflammation subsided in the children who had been treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor drugs (TNF inhibitors). TNF inhibitors are also used to treat chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.

SOURCE

https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-researchers-discover-otulipenia-new-inflammatory-disease

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