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Archive for the ‘Health Care System by Country’ Category

This Is America’s Richest Zip Code

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Reporter and Curator: Dr. Sudipta Saha, Ph.D.

 

Hepatitis B virus can cause serious, long-term health problems, such as liver disease and cancer, and can spread from mother-to-child during delivery. According to the latest estimates from the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 257 million people in 2015 were living with the virus. Countries in Asia have a high burden of hepatitis B. There is no cure, and antiviral drugs used to treat the infection usually need to be taken for life.

 

To prevent infection, WHO recommends that all newborns receive their first dose of hepatitis B vaccine within 24 hours of delivery. Infants born to hepatitis B-infected mothers are also given protective antibodies called hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG). However, mother-to-child transmission can still occur in women with high levels of virus in their blood, as well as those with mutated versions of the virus.

 

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), an antiviral drug commonly prescribed to treat hepatitis B infection, does not significantly reduce mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus when taken during pregnancy and after delivery, according to a phase III clinical trial in Thailand funded by the National Institutes of Health. The study tested TDF therapy in addition to the standard preventative regimen — administration of hepatitis B vaccine and protective antibodies at birth — to explore the drug’s potential effects on mother-to-child transmission rates. The results appear in the New England Journal of Medicine.

 

The present study was conducted at 17 hospitals of the Ministry of Public Health in Thailand. It screened more than 2,500 women for eligibility and enrolled 331 pregnant women with hepatitis B. The women received placebo (163) or TDF (168) at intervals from 28 weeks of pregnancy to two months after delivery. All infants received standard hepatitis B preventatives given in Thailand, which include HBIG at birth and five doses of the hepatitis B vaccine by age 6 months (which differs from the three doses given in the United States). A total of 294 infants (147 in each group) were followed through age 6 months.

 

Three infants in the placebo group had hepatitis B infection at age 6 months, compared to zero infants in the TDF treatment group. Given the unexpectedly low transmission rate in the placebo group, the researchers concluded that the addition of TDF to current recommendations did not significantly reduce mother-to-child transmission of the virus.

 

According to the study, the clinical trial had enough participants to detect statistical differences if the transmission rate in the placebo group reached at least 12 percent, a rate observed in previous studies. Though the reasons are unknown, the researchers speculate that the lower transmission rate seen in the study may relate to the number of doses of hepatitis B vaccine given to infants in Thailand, lower rates of amniocentesis and Cesarean section deliveries in this study, or the lower prevalence of mutated viruses that result in higher vaccine efficacy in Thailand compared to other countries.

 

References:

 

https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/antiviral-drug-not-beneficial-reducing-mother-child-transmission-hepatitis-b-when-added-existing-preventatives

 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29514030

 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29514035

 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25240752

 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28188612

 

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Defining Health Care’s Future: Digital Health, Innovation Accessible, Prevention Importance as Cure – The Vision of Stanford Medical School Dean delivered at 2018 JP Morgan in San Francisco

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

Article ID #249: Defining Health Care’s Future: Digital Health, Innovation Accessible, Prevention Importance as Cure. Published on 1/9/2018

WordCloud Image Produced by Adam Tubman

At JPM 2018: Three Challenges That Will Define Health Care’s Future

 
Lloyd Minor

Lloyd Minor, LinkedIn Influencer

 

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PMC Comment Letter on Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services: Innovation Center New Direction

Guest Author: Cynthia A. Bens, Vice President, Public Policy, PMC

cbens@personalizedmedicinecoalition.org

NOVEMBER 27, 2017

In response to a Wall Street Journal op-ed and request for information about innovative ways to pay for and deliver health care in the U.S., the Personalized Medicine Coalition has encouraged the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) to spearhead models that empower physicians to move away from the current standard of care when patient outcomes can be improved by tailoring care to a patient’s genetics and other factors:

In keeping with PMC’s mission to underline the significance of personalized medicine to patients and the health system, the Coalition’s comment letter contends that personalized medicine products and services can increase the overall value of dollars spent by improving health outcomes.

CMS’ previous efforts to advance new payment models, the letter notes, were met with resistance largely because they focused on reducing overall health care costs without adequately considering whether those reductions would result in a disproportionate decrease in the outcomes that matter to patients.

PMC indicates in the letter that the guiding principles put forth in CMS’ request for information provide “reasonable assurance” that the agency plans to proceed at “a more measured pace” going forward.

“We believe that personalized medicine has the potential to help CMS deliver on its goal of [affordable, accessible health care] if [the agency] focuses on maximizing individual patient outcomes, if new models are fully evaluated before large-scale implementation, if payment is not rooted in current standard of care, and if physicians have the flexibility to tailor care based on a patient’s genetics and other factors,” the letter reads.

Please contact Cynthia A. Bens, Vice President, Public Policy, at cbens@personalizedmedicinecoalition.org with questions about PMC’s comment letter.

###

Personalized Medicine Coalition
1710 Rhode Island Ave. NW; Suite 700
Washington, D.C. 20036
Blog: Education & Advocacy
Twitter: @PerMedCoalition
www.PersonalizedMedicineCoalition.org

SOURCE

From: Personalized Medicine Coalition <messages@app.production.membersuite.com>
Reply-To: “Christopher Wells (PMC)” <cwells@personalizedmedicinecoalition.org>
Date: Monday, November 27, 2017 at 2:58 PM
To: Aviva Lev-Ari <AvivaLev-Ari@alum.berkeley.edu>
Subject: PMC to CMS: To Increase Value, Empower Physicians to Tailor Care, Optimize Outcomes

 and

From: “Christopher Wells (PMC)” <cwells@personalizedmedicinecoalition.org>

Date: Tuesday, November 28, 2017 at 7:34 AM

To: Aviva Lev-Ari <AvivaLev-Ari@alum.berkeley.edu>

Subject: Re: PMC to CMS: To Increase Value, Empower Physicians to Tailor Care, Optimize Outcomes

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The Future of Hospitals – How Medical Care and Technology Work Together to Advance Patient Care 

Curator: Gail S. Thornton, M.A.

Co-Editor: The VOICES of Patients, Hospital CEOs, HealthCare Providers, Caregivers and Families: Personal Experience with Critical Care and Invasive Medical Procedures

 

Gap Medics (https://www.gapmedics.com/blog/), the world’s leading provider of hospital work experience placements for high school and university students, recently released their “Futuristic Hospitals” infographic. The infographic reviews a collection of top hospitals in the world based on several key factors:

  • overall patient care,
  • innovative medical and technological excellence,
  • efforts toward sustainability,
  • environmental stewardship, and
  • social responsibility, as well as
  • other innovative health care features

to help advance the field of medicine and, ultimately, patient care.

Futuristic Hospitals Infographic

Image SOURCE: Infographic of Futuristic Hospitals courtesy of Evolved Digital and Gap Medics. Reprinted here with Permission from the Source.

 

“Many leading hospital facilities are now rolling out significant improvements and changes that couldn’t have been envisioned 10 years ago,” said Ian McIntosh, Director, Evolved Digital (http://evolveddigital.co.uk/), a U.K.-based digital marketing company specializing in search engine optimization and content marketing, whose team created the infographic for Gap Medics.

Science and innovation are working together to help convey higher expectations for quality medical and health care and advancements in the hospital experience for health care providers, patients and their families.

Particularly, the infographic analyzed prominent hospitals around the world so patients and their families can learn about the latest advances and efforts in patient care and hospital and medical technology.

In this infographic, we investigated the most cutting-edge hospital facilities in the world, where best-in-class technology and innovative medical care are making a difference in providing a quality experience all over the world.

“Gap Medics creates programs offered to thousands of students from Europe, Asia and the United States so they have the opportunity to gain insights into the work of doctors, nurses, physician assistants, midwives and dentists before the students begin their clinical training,” said Dave Brown, Director, Gap Medics, a U.K.-based company that provides hospital work experience between 1-8 weeks to students 16 years of age and older.

This one-in-a-lifetime opportunity helps students better understand their chosen career path, develop as people, and strengthen their university application process.

 

REFERENCE/SOURCE

http://evolveddigital.co.uk/

https://www.gapmedics.com/blog/2017/03/27/futuristic-hospitals/

Other related articles published in this Open Access Online Scientific Journal include the following:

 

“Sudden Cardiac Death,” SudD is in Ferrer inCode’s Suite of Cardiovascular Genetic Tests to be Commercialized in the US

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/02/10/sudden-cardiac-death-sudd-is-in-ferrer-incodes-suite-of-cardiovascular-genetic-tests-to-be-commercialized-in-the-us/

 

Hybrid Cath Lab/OR Suite’s da Vinci Surgical Robot of Intuitive Surgical gets FDA Warning Letter on Robot Track Record

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/07/19/hybrid-cath-labor-suites-da-vinci-surgical-robot-of-intuitive-surgical-gets-fda-warning-letter-on-robot-track-record/

 

3D Cardiovascular Theater – Hybrid Cath Lab/OR Suite, Hybrid Surgery, Complications Post PCI and Repeat Sternotomy

Curator: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

https://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013/07/19/3d-cardiovascular-theater-hybrid-cath-labor-suite-hybrid-surgery-complications-post-pci-and-repeat-sternotomy/

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The Lancet : Health in Israel – One Historic Issue to Review

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

 

 

Health in Israel

Published: May 8, 2017

Executive Summary

These five Lancet Series papers and accompanying comments outline Israel’s achievements in health and health care, towards a goal of attaining universal health coverage for an unusually diverse population. The papers explore Israel’s unique history, challenges, and accomplishments, and the religious and regional influences that have had an impact on health. The Series also offers an insight into existing collaborations and potential future opportunities, and outlines extensive recommendations to address the persisting inequalities between population groups, and to further strengthen health-care delivery systems.

SOURCE

http://www.thelancet.com/series/health-in-israel

 

Comments

  • A personal perspective on health in Israel

    Tamara Lucas
    The Lancet
    Published: May 8, 2017
  • Digital health nation: Israel’s global big data innovation hub

    Ran D Balicer, Arnon Afek
    The Lancet
    Published: May 8, 2017
  • Medical genetics in Israel’s diverse population

    Satvit A Shalev, Joel Zlotogora, Adel Shalata, Ephrat Levy-Lahad
    The Lancet
    Published: May 8, 2017

Profiles

  • Rafael Beyar: a meeting of medicine, science, and technology

    Tamara Lucas
    The Lancet
    Published: May 8, 2017
  • Orly Manor: public health leader in Israel’s health system

    Richard Lane
    The Lancet
    Published: May 8, 2017

Series

  • Health and health care in Israel: an introduction

    A Mark Clarfield, Orly Manor, Gabi Bin Nun, Shifra Shvarts, Zaher S Azzam, Arnon Afek, Fuad Basis, Avi Israeli
    The Lancet
    Published: May 8, 2017
  • Maternal and child health in Israel: building lives

    Lisa Rubin, Ilana Belmaker, Eli Somekh, Jacob Urkin, Mary Rudolf, Mira Honovich, Natalya Bilenko, Zachi Grossman
    The Lancet
    Published: May 8, 2017
  • Inequalities in non-communicable diseases between the major population groups in Israel: achievements and challenges

    Khitam Muhsen, Manfred S Green, Varda Soskolne, Yehuda Neumark
    The Lancet
    Published: May 8, 2017
  • Coming of age: health-care challenges of an ageing population in Israel

    Tzvi Dwolatzky, Jenny Brodsky, Faisal Azaiza, A Mark Clarfield, Jeremy M Jacobs, Howard Litwin
    The Lancet
    Published: May 8, 2017
  • Israel: health and beyond

    Karl Skorecki, Richard Horton
    The Lancet
    Published: May 8, 2017

Viewpoints

  • Israel: a start-up life science nation

    Rafael Beyar, Benny Zeevi, Gideon Rechavi
    The Lancet
    Published: May 8, 2017
  • The medical education system in Israel

    Shmuel Reis, Shimon M Glick, Jacob Urkin, Peter Gilbey
    The Lancet
    Published: May 8, 2017
  • Women and health in Israel

    Leeat Granek, Ora Nakash, Rivka Carmi
    The Lancet
    Published: May 8, 2017
  • Helping hands across a war-torn border: the Israeli medical effort treating casualties of the Syrian Civil War

    Hany Bahouth, Amir Shlaifer, Avraham Yitzhak, Elon Glassberg
    The Lancet
    Published: May 8, 2017

Essay

  • Medical ethics in Israel—bridging religious and secular values

    Alan B Jotkowitz, Riad Agbaria, Shimon M Glick
    The Lancet
    Published: May 8, 2017

SOURCE

http://www.thelancet.com/series/health-in-israel

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Quantum Physics Can Fight Fraud By Making Credit Card Verification Unspoofable

 

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

 

Decades of data security research have brought us highly reliable, standardized tools for common tasks such as digital signatures and encryption. But hackers are constantly working to crack data security innovations. Current credit/debit card technologies put personal money at risk because they’re vulnerable to fraud.

 

Physical security – which deals with anti-counterfeiting and the authentication of actual objects – is part of the problem too. The good guys and bad guys are locked in a never-ending arms race: one side develops objects and structures that are difficult to copy; the other side tries to copy them, and often succeeds.

 

But we think our new invention has the potential to leave the hackers behind. This innovative security measure uses the quantum properties of light to achieve fraud-proof authentication of objects.

 

The arms race is fought in secret; revealing your technology helps the enemy. Consequently, nobody knows how secure a technology really is. Remarkably, a recent development called Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) has made it possible to be completely open. A PUF is a piece of material that can be probed in many ways and that produces a complex response that depends very precisely on the challenge and the PUF’s internal structure.

 

The best known examples are Optical PUFs. The PUF is a piece of material – such as white paint with millions of nanoparticles – that will strongly scatter any light beamed at it. The light bounces around inside the paint, creating a unique pattern that can be used for authentication. Optical PUFs could be used on any object, but would be especially useful on credit/debit cards.

 

In 2012, researchers at Twente University realized they discovered something very important. The magic ingredient is a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM), a programmable device that re-shapes the speckle pattern. In their experiments, they programmed an SLM such that the correct response from an Optical PUF gets concentrated and passes through a pinhole, where a photon detector notices the presence of the photon. An incorrect response, however, is transformed to a random speckle pattern that does not pass through the pinhole. The method was dubbed Quantum-Secure Authentication (QSA).

 

QSA does not require any secrets, so no money has to be spent on protecting them. QSA can be implemented with relatively simple technology that is already available. The PUF can be as simple as a layer of paint. It turns out that the challenge does not have to be a single photon; a weak laser pulse suffices, as long as the number of photons in the pulse is small enough. Laser diodes, as found in CD players, are widely available and cheap. SLMs are already present in modern projectors. A sensitive photodiode or image sensor can serve as the photon detector. With all these advantages, QSA has the potential to massively improve the security of cards and other physical credentials.

Source: www.iflscience.com

See on Scoop.itCardiovascular Disease: PHARMACO-THERAPY

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Create a personalized high-performance computer by crossing the barriers between clouds

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

 

The Information Technology Research Institute of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology has developed a technology with which once an environment to perform high-performance computing has been established, a virtual cluster-type computer can easily be built on a different cloud and made available for immediate use.

Generally, in high-performance computing, cluster-type computers where many computers are bundled and run as a single computer are used. However, their hardware configuration is not uniform. On the other hand, virtual computers that are not dependent on hardware configuration are provided in clouds, and by bundling them together, a virtual cluster-type computer can be created. However, in this case, the user had to re-install software or reset the settings for a different cloud. Therefore, a technology to build a virtual cluster-type computer based on the design concept of “Build Once, Run Everywhere” has been developed. Once the environment to run the application has been established it may be run on any cloud, be it a private, commercial, or other cloud. Furthermore, since there are no constraints on the number of virtual computers that can be incorporated into the cluster, when the computing power is insufficient, an even larger virtual cluster-type computer can be formed on another cloud that allows the use of even more virtual computers, but allowing it to be used in exactly the same manner.

 

A virtual cluster-type computer was formed on AIST’s private cloud, AIST Super Green Cloud (ASGC), and the ability to use it on Amazon EC2, a commercial cloud, was verified. With this technology, users and application fields that could not use high-performance computing previously can now use high-performance computing. Thus, the developed technology is expected to contribute to the enhancement of industrial competitiveness.

 

There are many research organizations and companies that require high-performance computing, such as in the development of automobiles and for drug discovery. Conventionally, each organization prepared cluster-type computers within their organization. This required the introduction of a system with even higher performance to solve problems exceeding its computing capacity. Further, it was not readily available for introduction when it was required.

In clouds now widely available today, computing performance can be increased through the addition of computers by bundling virtual computers to form a cluster-type computer. However, when the built environment is to be re-created on a different cloud, it required the software to be re-installed and the settings reconfigured, necessitating extra time, labor, and cost.

Furthermore, because initial introduction and operating costs for cluster-type computers are high, the environment for high-performance computing could not be maintained, especially for small- and medium-scale enterprises. Expansion of the fields in which high-performance computing can be applied in support of such users is required for the enhancement of industrial competitiveness.

 

AIST is conducting R&D aimed at achieving a high-performance computing infrastructure with both the convenience to run on any cluster-type computer once a high-performance computing application-executing environment has been created, and high computing performance. In the process, R&D was conducted under the concept of separating the application-executing environment from actual machines by virtualization using cloud technologies to establish cluster-type computers on various clouds as required. In addition, although a cloud is established with virtualization technology, in the field of high-performance computing, there has been an issue of a drop in computing performance when virtualized, which has hindered its popularization. Therefore, evaluation of the effects of virtualization when executing high-performance computing applications was conducted in detail and technologies to reduce the deterioration of performance caused by virtualization have been developed.

Source: phys.org

See on Scoop.itCardiovascular and vascular imaging

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