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Posts Tagged ‘VEGF-regulated phosporylation’

VEGF activation and signaling, lysine methylation, and activation of receptor tyrosine kinase

Posted in CANCER BIOLOGY & Innovations in Cancer Therapy, Cell Biology, Signaling & Cell Circuits, Disease Biology, Small Molecules in Development of Therapeutic Drugs, Genome Biology, Genomic Expression, Metabolomics, Methylation, Proteomics, tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , on December 9, 2013| Leave a Comment »

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, reviewer and curator

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2013-12-09/larryhbern/VEGF-activation-and-signaling,-lysine-methylation,-and-activation-of-receptor-tyrosine-kinase

Lysine Methylation Promotes VEGFR-2 Activation and Angiogenesis

 Edward J. Hartsough1*, Rosana D. Meyer1*, Vipul Chitalia2, Yan Jiang3, Victor E. Marquez4, Irina V. Zhdanova5, Janice Weinberg6, Catherine E. Costello3, and Nader Rahimi1{dagger}
 1 Departments of Pathology and Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Boston University Medical Campus, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
2 Harvard-MIT Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
3 Department of Biochemistry and Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, School of Medicine, Boston University Medical Campus, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
4 Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
5 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University Medical Campus, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
6 School of Public Health, Boston University Medical Campus, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Activation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), an endothelial cell receptor tyrosine kinase,
  • promotes tumor angiogenesis and ocular neovascularization.
We report the methylation of VEGFR-2 at multiple Lys and Arg residues, including Lys1041,
  • a residue that is proximal to the activation loop of the kinase domain.
Methylation of VEGFR-2 was
  • independent of ligand binding and
  • was not regulated by ligand stimulation.
Methylation of Lys1041 enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation and kinase activity in response to ligands. Additionally, interfering with the methylation of VEGFR-2 by pharmacological inhibition or by site-directed mutagenesis revealed that
  • methylation of Lys1041 was required for VEGFR-2–mediated angiogenesis
    • in zebrafish and
    • tumor growth in mice.
We propose that methylation of Lys1041 promotes the activation of VEGFR-2 and that
  • similar posttranslational modification could also regulate the activity of other receptor tyrosine kinases.
{dagger} Corresponding author. E-mail: nrahimi@bu.edu
Citation: E. J. Hartsough, R. D. Meyer, V. Chitalia, Y. Jiang, V. E. Marquez, I. V. Zhdanova, J. Weinberg, C. E. Costello, N. Rahimi, Lysine Methylation Promotes VEGFR-2 Activation and Angiogenesis. Sci. Signal. 6, ra104 (2013).

Phosphoproteomic Analysis Implicates the mTORC2-FoxO1 Axis in VEGF Signaling and Feedback Activation of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases

Guanglei Zhuang, Kebing Yu, Zhaoshi Jiang, Alicia Chung, Jenny Yao, Connie Ha, Karen Toy, Robert Soriano, Benjamin Haley, Elizabeth Blackwood, Deepak Sampath, Carlos Bais, Jennie R. Lill, and Napoleone Ferrara (16 April 2013){dagger}
Sci. Signal. 16 April 2013;  6 (271), ra25.    http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scisignal.2003572
Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
* These authors contributed equally to this work.{dagger}
{dagger} Present address: Department of Pathology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in normal development and
  • also represents a major therapeutic target for tumors and intraocular neovascular disorders.
The VEGF receptor tyrosine kinases promote angiogenesis by phosphorylating downstream proteins in endothelial cells. We applied a large-scale proteomic approach to define
  1. the VEGF-regulated phosphoproteome and
  2. its temporal dynamics in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and then
  3. used siRNA (small interfering RNA) screens to investigate the function of a subset of these phosphorylated proteins in VEGF responses.
The PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase)–mTORC2 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2) axis emerged as central
  1. in activating VEGF-regulated phosphorylation and
  2. increasing endothelial cell viability
    • by suppressing the activity of the transcription factor FoxO1 (forkhead box protein O1),
    • an effect that limited cellular apoptosis and feedback activation of receptor tyrosine kinases.
This FoxO1-mediated feedback loop not only reduced the effectiveness of mTOR inhibitors at decreasing protein phosphorylation and cell survival
  • but also rendered cells more susceptible to PI3K inhibition.
Collectively, our study provides a global and dynamic view of VEGF-regulated phosphorylation events and
  • implicates the mTORC2-FoxO1 axis in VEGF receptor signaling and
  • reprogramming of receptor tyrosine kinases in human endothelial cells.
{ddagger} Corresponding author. E-mail: nferrara@ucsd.edu
Citation: G. Zhuang, K. Yu, Z. Jiang, A. Chung, J. Yao, C. Ha, K. Toy, R. Soriano, B. Haley, E. Blackwood, D. Sampath, C. Bais, J. R. Lill, N. Ferrara, Phosphoproteomic Analysis Implicates the mTORC2-FoxO1 Axis in VEGF Signaling and Feedback Activation of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases. Sci. Signal. 6, ra25 (2013).

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