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Aortic Aneurysm Pathogenesis: The Role of TGFβRIIb Mutations in Altering Transforming Growth Factor β2 Signal Transduction

Posted in Atherogenic Processes & Pathology, Biological Networks, Gene Regulation and Evolution, Biomarkers & Medical Diagnostics, Cell Biology, Signaling & Cell Circuits, Chemical Genetics, Coagulation Therapy and Internal Bleeding, Frontiers in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Disorders, Molecular Genetics & Pharmaceutical, Origins of Cardiovascular Disease, Thoracic Aorta, tagged Signal transduction, Thoracic aortic aneurysm, Transforming growth factor beta, Weill Cornell Medical College on December 30, 2013| Leave a Comment »

Aortic Aneurysm Pathogenesis: The Role of TGFβRIIb Mutations in Altering Transforming Growth Factor β2 Signal Transduction

Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN

TGFβRIIb Mutations Trigger Aortic Aneurysm Pathogenesis by Altering Transforming Growth Factor β2 Signal Transduction

Katharine J. Bee, PhD, David C. Wilkes, PhD, Richard B. Devereux, MD, Craig T. Basson, MD, PhD and Cathy J. Hatcher, PhD

Author Affiliations

From the Center for Molecular Cardiology, Greenberg Division of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY.

Correspondence to Cathy J. Hatcher, PhD, Greenberg Division of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 E. 68th St, New York, NY 10065. E-mailcjhatche@med.cornell.edu

Abstract

Background—Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is a common progressive disorder involving gradual dilation of the ascending and/or descending thoracic aorta that eventually leads to dissection or rupture. Nonsydromic TAA can occur as a genetically triggered, familial disorder that is usually transmitted in a monogenic autosomal dominant fashion and is known as familial TAA. Genetic analyses of families affected with TAA have identified several chromosomal loci, and further mapping of familial TAA genes has highlighted disease-causing mutations in at least 4 genes: myosin heavy chain 11 (MYH11), α-smooth muscle actin (ACTA2), and transforming growth factor β receptors I and II (TGFβRI and TGFβRII).

Methods and Results—We evaluated 100 probands to determine the mutation frequency in MYH11, ACTA2, TGFβRI, and TGFβRII in an unbiased population of individuals with genetically mediated TAA. In this study, 9% of patients had a mutation in one of the genes analyzed, 3% of patients had mutations in ACTA2, 3% in MYH11, 1% in TGFβRII, and no mutations were found in TGFβRI. Additionally, we identified mutations in a 75 base pair alternatively spliced TGFβRII exon, exon 1a that produces the TGFβRIIb isoform and accounted for 2% of patients with mutations. Our in vitro analyses indicate that the TGFβRIIb activating mutations alter receptor function on TGFβ2 signaling.

Conclusions—We propose that TGFβRIIb expression is a regulatory mechanism for TGFβ2 signal transduction. Dysregulation of the TGFβ2 signaling pathway, as a consequence of TGFβRIIb mutations, results in aortic aneurysm pathogenesis.

SOURCE:

Circulation: Cardiovascular Genetics.2012; 5: 621-629

Published online before print October 24, 2012,doi: 10.1161/ CIRCGENETICS.112.964064