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Intelligent Implant Biomaterials

Posted in Biological Engineering, Biopolymer Blend Open Porous, Materials Science & Engineering, Tissue Engineering, tagged , , , , , , on January 20, 2018| Leave a Comment »

Intelligent Implant Biomaterials

Reporter: Irina Robu, PhD

Implants are gradually being used to treat various bone defects. A key factor for long term success of implants is the proper selection of the implant biomaterial. The biologic environment does not accept completely any material so to optimize biologic performance, implants should be selected to reduce the negative biologic response while maintaining adequate function. The implanted structure must if possible stimulate new bone formation, integrate with existing tissue and lastly be resorbed by the body to enable healthy bone growth.

The EU-funded MGNIM project which tailored biodegradable magnesium implant materials focused on producing aluminum- free Mg-based material suitable for bone applications. MAGNIM produced over 20 different Mg alloys and evaluated their mechanical and structural properties. In addition, they assessed their biological interaction, more specifically their corrosion-behavior. Out of these, two of the new alloys (Mg-2Ag and Mg-10Gd) were nominated for animal trials as pilot results indicated an anti-inflammatory function of degradation products.

The two new alloys, Mg-2Ag and Mg-10Gd as well as Mg alloy WE43 were tested in-vivo for biodegradability and functionality. Screws made of these materials were inserted into the femur of rats and their degradation was monitored. Imaging and histological data from explants revealed new bone formation in the screw implant site.

Even though the project has ended, additional testing in large animal models will be carried out prior to human clinical trials. MAGNIM partners propose to optimize implant material homogeneity and surface properties.

SOURCE
http://cordis.europa.eu/result/rcn/150629_en.html

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