AI App for People with Digestive Disorders
Reporter: Irina Robu, PhD
3.3.14 AI App for People with Digestive Disorders, Volume 2 (Volume Two: Latest in Genomics Methodologies for Therapeutics: Gene Editing, NGS and BioInformatics, Simulations and the Genome Ontology), Part 2: CRISPR for Gene Editing and DNA Repair
Artificial intelligence (AI) constitutes machine learning and deep learning, which allows computers to learn without being clearly programmed every step of the way. The basic principle decrees that AI is machine intelligence leading to the best outcome when given a problem. This sets up AI well for life science applications, which states that AI can be taught to differentiate cells, be used for higher quality imaging techniques, and analysis of genomic data.
Obviously, this type of technology which serves a function and removes the need for explicit programming. It is clear that digital therapeutics will have an essential role in treatment of individuals with gastrointestinal disorders such as IBS. Deep learning is a favorite among the AI facets in biology. The structure of deep learning has its roots in the structure of the human brain which connect to one another through which the data is passed. At each layer, some data is extracted. For example, in cells, one layer may analyze cell membrane, the next some organelle, and so on until the cell can be identified.
A Berlin-based startup,Cara Care uses AI to help people manage their chronic digestive problems and intends to spend the funding raised getting the app in the hands of gastrointestinal patients in the U.S. The company declares its app has already helped up to 400,000 people in Germany and the U.S. manage widespread GI conditions such as reflux, irritable or inflammatory bowel, food intolerances, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis “with a 78.8% treatment success rate.” Cara Care will also use the funding to conduct research and expand collaborations with companies in the pharmaceutical, diagnostics and food-production industries.
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This is very insightful. There is no doubt that there is the bias you refer to. 42 years ago, when I was postdocing in biochemistry/enzymology before completing my residency in pathology, I knew that there were very influential mambers of the faculty, who also had large programs, and attracted exceptional students. My mentor, it was said (although he was a great writer), could draft a project on toilet paper and call the NIH. It can’t be true, but it was a time in our history preceding a great explosion. It is bizarre for me to read now about eNOS and iNOS, and about CaMKII-á, â, ã, ä – isoenzymes. They were overlooked during the search for the genome, so intermediary metabolism took a back seat. But the work on protein conformation, and on the mechanism of action of enzymes and ligand and coenzyme was just out there, and became more important with the research on signaling pathways. The work on the mechanism of pyridine nucleotide isoenzymes preceded the work by Burton Sobel on the MB isoenzyme in heart. The Vietnam War cut into the funding, and it has actually declined linearly since.
A few years later, I was an Associate Professor at a new Medical School and I submitted a proposal that was reviewed by the Chairman of Pharmacology, who was a former Director of NSF. He thought it was good enough. I was a pathologist and it went to a Biochemistry Review Committee. It was approved, but not funded. The verdict was that I would not be able to carry out the studies needed, and they would have approached it differently. A thousand young investigators are out there now with similar letters. I was told that the Department Chairmen have to build up their faculty. It’s harder now than then. So I filed for and received 3 patents based on my work at the suggestion of my brother-in-law. When I took it to Boehringer-Mannheim, they were actually clueless.