Mitosis vs Meiosis Differences

November 9, 2015 by larryhbern

Mitosis vs Meiosis Differences

Larry H. Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Curator

LPBI

http://www.microbiologyinfo.com/differences-between-mitosis-and-meiosis/

Mitosis is a process of asexual reproduction in which the cell divides in two producing a replica, with an equal number of chromosomes in each resulting diploid cell.

Meiosis is a type of cellular reproduction in which the number of chromosomes are reduced by half through the separation of homologous chromosomes, producing two haploid cells.

Differences Between Mitosis and Meiosis

Following are the differences between Mitosis and Meiosis:

S.N.	Differences	Mitosis	Meiosis
1	Type of Reproduction	Asexual	Sexual
2	Genetically	Similar	Different
3	Crossing Over	No, crossing over cannot occur.	Yes, mixing of chromosomes can occur.
4	Number of Divisions	One	Two
5	Pairing of Homologs	No	Yes
6	Mother Cells	Can be either haploid or diploid	Always diploid
7	Number of Daughter Cells produced	2 diploid cells	4 haploid cells
8	Chromosome Number	Remains the same.	Reduced by half.
9	Chromosomes Pairing	Does Not Occur	Takes place during zygotene of prophase I and continue upto metaphase I.
10	Creates	Makes everything other than sex cells.	Sex cells only: female egg cells or male sperm cells.
11	Takes Place in	Somatic Cells	Germ Cells
12	Chiasmata	Absent	Observed during prophase I and metaphase I.
13	Spindle Fibres	Disappear completely in telophase.	Do not disappear completely in telophase I.
14	Nucleoli	Reappear at telophase	Do not reappear at telophase I.
15	Steps	Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase.	(Meiosis 1) Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I; (Meiosis 2) Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II and Telophase II.
16	Karyokinesis	Occurs in Interphase.	Occurs in Interphase I.
17	Cytokinesis	Occurs in Telophase.	Occurs in Telophase I and in Telophase II.
18	Centromeres Split	The centromeres split during anaphase.	The centromeres do not separate during anaphase I, but during anaphase II.
19	Prophase	Simple	Complicated
20	Prophase	Duration of prophase is short, usually of few hours.	Prophase is comparatively longer and may take days.
21	Synapsis	No Synapsis	Synapsis of Homologous chromosomes takes place during prophase.
22	Exchange of Segments	Two chromatids of a chromosome do not exchange segments during prophase.	Chromatids of two homologous chromosome exchange segments during crossing over.
23	Discovered by	Walther Flemming	Oscar Hertwig
24	Function	Cellular reproduction and general growth and repair of the body.	Genetic diversity through sexual reproduction.
25	Function	Takes part in healing and repair.	Takes part in the formation of gametes and maintenance of chromosome number.

Differences Between Mitosis and Meiosis

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