Diabetes is caused by Leaky Calcium Channels in Pancreatic Beta Cells – research @Columbia University Medical Center: The Role of RyR2 in Regulation of Insulin Release and Glucose Homeostasis
Reporter: Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN
Cellular Defect Linked to Diabetes
Leaky calcium channels in pancreatic beta cells can lead to high blood sugar
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“Pancreatic beta cells were found to have leaky RyR2s, which were disrupting the function of mitochondria that provide cells with energy required for insulin release. The dysfunction was consistent with mitochondrial alterations that have been described in pancreatic beta cells from patients with type 2 diabetes,” said Dr. Santulli.
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Electron microscope image of a pancreatic beta cell, showing malformed mitochondria resulting from calcium leakage; the purple circle represents an insulin granule. (Credit: Dr. Gaetano Santulli)
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The paper is titled, “Calcium release channel RyR2 regulates insulin release and glucose homeostasis.”
The other contributors are: Gennaro Pagano (Imperial College, London, UK, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy, and Federico II University, Naples, Italy), Celestino Sardu (Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy, and Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, John Paul II Foundation for Research and Treatment, Campobasso, Italy), Wenjun Xie (CUMC), Steven Reiken (CUMC), Salvatore Luca D’Ascia (Department of Cardiology and Arrhythmology, Clinical Institute Città Studi Hospital, Milan, Italy), Michele Cannone (Giuseppe Tatarella Hospital, Cerignola, Foggia, Italy), Nicola Marziliano (Niguarda Ca’ Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy, and University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy), Bruno Trimarco (Federico II University), Theresa A. Guise (Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana), and Alain Lacampagne (14U1046 INSERM, UMR 9214, CNRS, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France)
The study was funded by grants from the American Heart Association (13POST16810041), the Schaefer Foundation, the Phillip Foundation, and the National Institutes of Health (R01HL061503, R01HL102040, and R01AR060037).
Dr. Marks is a consultant and board member of ARMGO Pharma, Inc., which is targeting RyR channels for therapeutic purposes. The other authors declare no financial or other conflicts of interest.
Columbia University Medical Center provides international leadership in basic, preclinical, and clinical research; medical and health sciences education; and patient care. The medical center trains future leaders and includes the dedicated work of many physicians, scientists, public health professionals, dentists, and nurses at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, the Mailman School of Public Health, the College of Dental Medicine, the School of Nursing, the biomedical departments of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, and allied research centers and institutions. Columbia University Medical Center is home to the largest medical research enterprise in New York City and State and one of the largest faculty medical practices in the Northeast. For more information, visit cumc.columbia.edu or columbiadoctors.org.
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